Big Toe Arthritis: Is It Hallux Limitus or Hallux Rigidus?

Written by Erica Halpern on October 29, 2026

The big toe provides one of the most important functions of our entire body when it comes to movement. In fact, the it carries the most weight of all the toes, bearing about 40 percent of our body weight. The big toe is also the last part of the foot to push off the ground before taking the next step.

With our reliance on our big toe comes two common foot conditions: hallux limitus and hallux rigidus. These two conditions are the medical terms for big toe arthritis. Specifically, they can be translated into the following from Latin: hallux = big toe; limitus = limitation; rigidus = rigid/stiff.

Big toe arthritis can be quite painful both because of the toe’s weight-bearing responsibilities and the fact that we as humans are constantly on our feet. One giveaway sign of hallux rigidus is the presence of a bone spur on the top of the foot.

In this article, we break down the differences between the two halluxes, signs and symptoms, as well as non-surgical and surgical treatments.

Hallux Limitus: What Is It?

Let’s start with hallux limitus since it’s the earlier stage of hallux rigidus.

Hallux limitus is a condition in which the joint connecting your big toe to your foot (the first metatarsophalangeal joint – commonly called the first MTP joint) is inflamed, sore, and stiff. This condition is a form of degenerative arthritis (wear-and-tear of the cartilage within the joint) that occurs in the joint.

There are a few reasons why and how this condition develops:

Fallen arches: Fallen arches put excessive pressure on the big toe joint.
Excessive pronation: Excessive pronation puts excessive pressure on the big toe joint.
Overuse: Activities like running, doing lunges, or any excessive pressure to the toe joint can over time break down the joint.
Acute injury: stubbing or jamming your toe can damage the joint, and can worsen if you don’t allow it adequate time to recover.

Hallux Rigidus: What Is It?

Hallux rigidus involves more progressive damage to the first metatarsophalangeal joint. This condition comes after hallux limitus. It means your joint has less range of motion, the cartilage is worn down, and there is likely the presence of osteophytes, also known as a bone spur. An osteophyte is a bony lump that grows around the joints.

In fact, hallux rigidus is the most common degenerative disorder of the foot.

So, what’s the difference? Hallux rigidus is defined as pain due to an arthritic joint, whereas hallux limitus is defined as functional pain due to soft tissue tightness (i.e., when calf tightness limits the motion of the ankle joint) or a long and elevated first metatarsal bone (the bone behind the big toe).

These are the early signs and symptoms of hallux rigidus:

Pain and stiffness in the big toe during physical activity (walking, running, etc.).
Pain and stiffness aggravated by cold, damp weather.
Difficulty with certain activities (running, squatting).
Swelling and inflammation around the joint.
Loss of range of motion.

Depending on the severity of arthritis, the joint damage can be measured by the approximate range of motion of the big toe joint. Here is a breakdown:

Grade 0: 40° to 60° range of motion and/or 10% to 20% loss of range of motion.
Grade 1: 30° to 40° range of motion and/or 20% to 50% loss of range of motion.
Grade 2: 10° to 30° range of motion and/or 50% to 75% loss of range of motion.
Grade 3: ≤ 10° range of motion and/or 75% to 100% loss of range of motion.
Grade 4: Same as in grade 3 with more pain.

Does Hallux Rigidus Go Away?

Hallux rigidus is a progressive condition. It doesn’t go away. However, there are a number of steps you can take (literally) to slow down the worsening of this toe condition. Treatment includes altering your footwear for shoes with firm supportive footbeds or rocker soles, avoiding activity that puts pressure on your big toe joint, and avoiding walking barefoot.

Is Walking Good For Hallux Rigidus?

Walking with the proper precautions and equipment should be OK with hallux rigidus. Walking in some cases, like with hallux limitus, can actually increase the range of motion. With hallux rigidus, the aim shouldn’t be to increase range of motion but to reduce dorsiflexion (the action of raising your foot your toes upward). In this case, walking uphill can be painful. Walking barefoot can also be painful as there’s nothing to protect the joint.

Do Orthotics Help Hallux Limitus and Hallux Rigidus?

Custom foot orthotics can provide multiple benefits for big toe arthritis. For hallux limitus, the goal of orthotics is to improve the range of motion within the first MTP joint. Conversely, for those with hallux rigidus, the goal of orthotics is to restrict the range of motion. Therefore, different orthotics are designed for different use cases and the severity of arthritis. As those with fallen arches or excessive pronation are particularly susceptible to developing hallux rigidus, custom orthotics to correct these biomechanical abnormalities can also help.

One such approach is using Morton’s extension or a reverse Morton’s extension on a supportive orthotic. This approach utilizes a stiff orthotic material that extends under the big toe from the base to the tip. The goal here is to shift weight off of the weight-bearing joint of the big toe.

Additional measures beyond orthotics include shoe modifications. Shoes should be sufficiently long, comfortable, with a high and broad toe box, and should have enough space for the orthotic device. Additionally, shoes with a full-length carbon plate or built-in rocker sole can reduce pressure on the big toe, and should be explored as an option.

How Successful is Surgery For Hallux Limitus and Hallux Rigidus?

There are two primary surgical procedures to treat big toe arthritis: a cheilectomy and a first MTP joint fusion. A newer surgical procedure is emerging as well, in which an artificial joint (Cartiva) is inserted to replace the damaged joint. Orthopedic surgeons perform these operations. In general, non-surgical procedures should be explored and exhausted before proceeding to surgery. But, in some advanced cases, patients can greatly benefit.

Cheilectomy

A cheilectomy is a surgical procedure to remove excess bone from the joint of your big toe. It’s used for mild-to-moderate cases of hallux rigidus. The intention is to decompress the joint area by removing the excess volume of bone. The most common form of a cheilectomy is to create a keyhole incision at the top of the foot, where a tool is inserted to remove the bone spur. This procedure is typically done under local and general anesthesia. Although the range of motion won’t necessarily be improved, the removal of the bump can help reduce pain and discomfort.

The procedure typically takes less than 30 minutes and patients can be in and out of the surgical facility within 2-3 hours. Initial recovery includes two weeks in a soft cast and wearing an orthopedic sandal with light weight-bearing activity. The cast and stitches are removed roughly two weeks post-op. Long-term recovery includes returning to activity within 4-6 weeks although swelling and pain can resume for up to six months.

First MTP joint fusion

In a first MTP joint fusion, the bones are joined (fused) together permanently so they cannot rub against each other and cause pain. This operation is typically performed for moderate-to-serious cases of hallux rigidus when osteoarthritis has severely damaged the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint.

Similar to a cheilectomy, an incision is made on the top of the big toe, and cartilage is cleared away to allow the two bones to heal together. For this operation, the two bones are fused together using screws and/or plates. This permanent procedure reduces all range of motion but eliminates the pain-causing joint.

Post-op, you’ll be examined at the two-week, six-week, three-month, and six-month intervals. X-rays may be taken as well to assess the growth of the fused bones. You can expect recovery to last up to six months.

From Orthotics to Foot Treatment, We’ve Got You Covered!

We’re confident in our ability to help inform you and solve your concern with the least amount of discomfort possible. Call us even to ask about a quick question and we’d be happy to point you in the right direction!

Call us at 416-769-3338 or Click to Book Your Assessment Today!

About Author: Erica Halpern

Erica is the operations manager at Feet First Clinic. Since 2021, she has been writing, researching and editing website and social media content. She also oversees Feet First Clinic’s daily and strategic operations to ensure the best possible experience for our clients. Her goal is to ensure patients are equipped with the knowledge and solutions they need to help with their pain.

Learn more about Erica Halpern

PrevPrevious How To Prevent Foot Pain At Work

October 22, 2026

How To Prevent Foot Pain At Work

From retail workers to restaurant servers, foot pain at work can be frustrating for many people. If you work in an industry where you spend a lot of time on your feet, foot pain can interrupt your productivity, affect your mood, and affect the rest of your day. After work, you may have had plans to go for a run or walk, but after a draining day on your feet, you might just want to do nothing and wait for the foot pain to subside. Luckily, Feet First Clinic is happy to promote ways you can maintain healthy feet. We're here to talk about some ways you can alleviate and prevent foot pain at work. Foot pain is not normal, and even though you spend most of your shift standing, you don't have to put up with the pain any longer. If you want to take your foot care to the next level, you can also book regular visits with a chiropodist. How Can I Prevent Foot Pain at Work? Wear comfortable footwear Wear compression stockings Incorporate foot stretches into your routine Take sitting and standing breaks Elevate your legs at the end of the day Enjoy a foot bath Try some foot care products Wear Comfortable Footwear This is a given, but you need to be wearing comfortable footwear that fits properly to avoid foot pain at work. Your shoes should fit snugly, give you enough toe room, and not place too much pressure on the foot's weight-bearing areas. Shoes should have a deep and wide toe box to ensure there isn't any pressure or friction in the toe area. The heel elevation, the material used on the body of the shoe, and the outsole and midsole (responsible for shock absorption) are also important factors. Insoles and custom orthotics should also be considered if you're prone to painful foot conditions. To achieve your goal of pain-free feet, you can look into these footwear focused services offered by a licensed Chiropodist and foot clinic: Orthopaedic footwear Custom orthotics Superfeet insoles Shoe fitting Shoe stretching Wear Compression Stockings When you’re sitting or standing for long periods, circulation slows and blood begins to pool in your lower limbs—leading to that heavy, achy feeling and even swelling by the end of the day. Compression stockings apply gentle, graduated pressure to your legs, helping push blood back up toward the heart and preventing it from settling in your feet. By improving circulation throughout the day, they reduce fatigue, minimize swelling, and help keep your feet feeling supported, comfortable, and protected at work. Compression stockings are especially beneficial for teachers, healthcare workers, and flight attendants—roles that require long hours of standing or sitting and can increase the risk of venous conditions like varicose veins. Over time, this strain on circulation can lead to discomfort, swelling, and fatigue in the legs and feet. Even if you’re not currently experiencing symptoms, wearing compression socks can be a simple, proactive way to support healthy blood flow and help prevent issues from developing down the line. Incorporate Foot Stretches Into Your Routine Foot stretches that target Achilles tendon pain, Plantar fasciitis, top of the foot pain, toe pain, or any other foot soreness that's been bothersome can be a lifesaver. They're all easy to learn and take less than 5 minutes at a time. At the beginning and the end of the day, you should take the time to do your foot stretches. After a while, this will alleviate the foot pain you experience at work, and in time, prevent it all together. Click for demonstrations of a few of our favourite foot stretches: Calf stretch on a step Golf ball stretch Toe curls Take Sitting & Standing Breaks If you're working on your feet for long hours, you should make sure you take sitting breaks. If you're in-between shoes and still have to wear an ill-fitting pair, you should sit down and take your shoes off for the duration of your break. During this time, you can even try to get some of your foot stretching in! Try to avoid standing during your break if you have been standing all day. A break from standing can get you through the remainder of your shift and alleviate a lot of pressure on the weight-bearing areas of your feet. The same applies if you’re on your feet all day—try to take regular breaks to sit down and elevate your legs when possible. Giving your body even short periods of rest helps relieve pressure, improve circulation, and prevent that buildup of fatigue in your feet and legs. Elevate Your Legs Afte rWork At the end of the day, elevate your legs above heart level for 15–20 minutes. This simple habit helps reduce fluid buildup that can lead to swelling, relieves pressure on your lower extremities, and supports better circulation by promoting venous return and overall blood flow. Enjoy a Foot bath A Foot bath at the end of the day can soothe your aching feet and prevent pain from progressing. Before bed, soaking your feet in hot water Reduces inflammation, which sets you up for a better morning. Hot water also stimulates circulation and blood flow. Foot baths aren't just great for foot pain! They can also soften your skin, alleviate stress, and fight fatigue. For even more benefits, you can incorporate Epsom salt and essential oils into your foot baths. Try Some Foot Care Products Foot pain at work doesn’t just show up as aching or soreness. Spending long hours on your feet can also lead to blisters, calluses, corns, cracked heels, and other common foot concerns. Using targeted foot care products can help relieve discomfort from these conditions. Creams and balms with moisturizers like urea and glycerin are especially effective, as they help draw in moisture and soften thickened, dry skin. These ingredients can help improve hydration, reduce roughness, and keep feet feeling more comfortable throughout the day.

October 15, 2026

How Osteoarthritis Affects the Feet: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Osteoarthritis can affect the joints of the feet and ankles, causing pain, stiffness, swelling and reduced mobility. Because your feet contain many small joints that work together when you stand and walk, arthritis in one area can also change how the foot moves and bears weight. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, maintaining mobility and helping you stay active. Depending on your symptoms, this may include exercise, footwear changes, activity modification, rehabilitation, pressure relief and, for some people, custom orthotics. At Feet First Clinic, a foot assessment can help identify what may be contributing to your symptoms and determine which treatment options may be appropriate. Key Takeaways Osteoarthritis can affect the big toe, midfoot and ankle. Common symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling and reduced joint movement. Arthritis can change how your foot moves and distributes pressure when you walk. Treatment may include exercise, footwear changes, activity modification, rehabilitation and pressure relief. Custom orthotics may help some people by redistributing pressure or supporting foot mechanics, but they are not appropriate or necessary for everyone. A foot assessment can help identify the source of your symptoms and guide treatment. What Is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis (OA) is a condition involving changes within and around a joint. It is sometimes described as "wear and tear," but that description is overly simplistic. A joint contains several structures that work together, including cartilage, bone, ligaments, the joint capsule, and surrounding tissues. With osteoarthritis, the joint can undergo structural and inflammatory changes that contribute to pain, stiffness, and reduced function. Osteoarthritis can affect many joints, including: The big toe joint The smaller toe joints The joints in the middle of the foot The ankle The joints between the heel and midfoot Other joints throughout the lower limb Osteoarthritis does not look the same in everyone. Some people have significant changes visible on imaging but relatively little pain, while others can experience considerable pain and functional limitations. This is one reason that treatment should be based on the person's symptoms, examination, activity level, and functional goals—not simply an X-ray. How Does Osteoarthritis Affect the Feet? The feet contain numerous joints that allow them to adapt to the ground, absorb forces, and help propel the body forward. When osteoarthritis affects one of these joints, normal movement can become painful or restricted. For example, if the big toe joint becomes stiff, the toe may have difficulty bending upward during the push-off phase of walking. The body may then compensate by changing how the foot, ankle, knee, or hip moves. Similarly, arthritis in the midfoot can make it uncomfortable for the foot to adapt to uneven surfaces or tolerate prolonged standing and walking. Figure 1: How Foot Osteoarthritis Can Affect Walking Osteoarthritis in one foot joint can affect how the foot moves and loads during walking. The resulting changes vary from person to person and do not necessarily mean that arthritis is progressing throughout the foot. Where Does Osteoarthritis Commonly Occur in the Foot? 1. Big Toe Joint Osteoarthritis of the big toe joint is often called first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis. It may also be associated with a condition called hallux rigidus, which refers to reduced movement and stiffness of the big toe joint. Common symptoms include: Pain at the base of the big toe Stiffness Difficulty bending the toe upward A bump or enlargement around the joint Pain when pushing off while walking Difficulty wearing certain shoes Pain during activities that require the toe to bend A stiff big toe can change the way a person rolls through the foot during walking. 2. Midfoot The midfoot contains several joints that help the foot adapt to different surfaces and distribute forces. Midfoot osteoarthritis may cause: Aching across the top or middle of the foot Stiffness after periods of inactivity Pain during prolonged standing or walking Swelling around affected joints Difficulty wearing shoes that put pressure across the top of the foot A change in the shape of the foot over time Some people develop a bony prominence across the top of the foot that can become irritated by footwear. 3. Ankle Osteoarthritis can also affect the ankle joint. Ankle arthritis may cause: Pain with walking Morning or activity-related stiffness Reduced ankle movement Swelling Difficulty walking on uneven surfaces Difficulty with stairs Changes in walking mechanics Ankle osteoarthritis can have different causes, including previous ankle injuries or fractures. What Does Foot Osteoarthritis Feel Like? The symptoms of osteoarthritis vary depending on which joint is affected and how much it is being loaded. Common symptoms include: Pain Pain may occur during: Walking Standing Running Going up or down stairs Pushing off the toes Certain movements of the foot Wearing particular shoes Some people also experience pain after activity rather than during it. Stiffness Joint stiffness is another common symptom. You may notice that your foot feels stiff: When you first get out of bed After sitting for a long time At the beginning of a walk After periods of inactivity Swelling An arthritic joint may become swollen, particularly after increased activity. Reduced Range of Motion As osteoarthritis affects a joint, its available movement may decrease. For example, arthritis in the big toe joint can make it increasingly difficult to bend the toe upward. Changes in Foot Shape Some people develop bony enlargement around arthritic joints. These changes can make certain shoes uncomfortable or create pressure points. Osteoarthritis vs. Other Causes of Foot Pain Not every painful foot is an arthritic foot. Several conditions can cause symptoms that overlap with osteoarthritis, including: Condition Common Features Osteoarthritis Joint pain, stiffness, reduced motion, activity-related symptoms Plantar fasciitis Pain commonly felt under the heel, often worse with initial steps Metatarsalgia Pain around the ball of the foot Tendon problems Pain related to specific tendon loading or movement Gout Sudden, intense joint pain, redness and swelling Stress fracture Localized pain that may worsen with weight-bearing Neuroma Burning, tingling or nerve-like pain, often between the toes Bursitis Localized tenderness and inflammation Inflammatory arthritis Joint pain and stiffness that may affect multiple joints This is why an assessment can be useful when foot pain persists or interferes with normal activities. What Causes Osteoarthritis in the Feet? There is rarely one single cause. Factors associated with osteoarthritis can include: Age-related changes Previous injuries Fractures Repetitive joint loading Joint instability Abnormal or altered biomechanics Previous surgery Certain structural foot characteristics Genetics Body weight and overall joint loading Other medical or musculoskeletal conditions Importantly, developing osteoarthritis is not simply a consequence of "using your feet too much." Many factors interact to influence joint health and symptoms. How Is Osteoarthritis of the Foot Diagnosed? A diagnosis begins with a history and physical examination. A healthcare professional may assess: Where your pain occurs When your symptoms started What activities make your symptoms better or worse Joint range of motion Joint tenderness Swelling Foot structure Walking pattern Foot and ankle strength Footwear How your foot loads during standing and walking Imaging such as X-rays may sometimes be used to evaluate joint changes or rule out other problems. Figure 2: What a Foot Assessment May Look At A comprehensive foot assessment considers symptoms, joint movement, foot structure, gait, footwear, and functional goals before treatment options are recommended. How Is Osteoarthritis in the Feet Treated? There is no single treatment that works for everyone. Treatment is generally aimed at reducing symptoms, improving function, maintaining mobility, and helping you continue activities that are important to you. Depending on the individual, treatment may include several approaches. 1. Exercise and Movement Exercise is an important part of osteoarthritis management. Appropriately selected exercises can help maintain: Joint mobility Muscle strength Balance Physical function General fitness Research across osteoarthritis populations supports exercise as an important component of management, although the amount of evidence varies between different joints. For foot and ankle arthritis, exercises may be selected to address the specific joint, surrounding muscles, balance, gait, and overall activity goals. The goal is not necessarily to "exercise the arthritis away." Rather, movement can help maintain function and make everyday activities more manageable. 2. Footwear Changes Footwear can have a significant impact on how comfortable an arthritic foot feels. Depending on the affected joint, useful footwear characteristics may include: Adequate toe room A comfortable upper that does not press on bony areas Appropriate cushioning A stable sole A sole that reduces excessive bending of a painful joint A suitable heel height Adequate width For some people with big toe arthritis, footwear with a relatively stiff sole or rocker-style sole can reduce the amount the big toe has to bend during walking. However, footwear needs to be individualized because what helps one person may not work for another. A footwear assessment can be particularly helpful when arthritis has changed the shape or movement of the foot. 3. Activity Modification Having osteoarthritis does not necessarily mean giving up the activities you enjoy. Instead, it may be helpful to modify: Duration Intensity Frequency Terrain Footwear Recovery time For example, someone who develops pain after a long walk may be able to continue walking by temporarily reducing distance, incorporating rest periods, choosing a more suitable surface, and gradually increasing activity again. The objective is to find a sustainable level of activity rather than simply avoiding movement. 4. Physical Therapy and Strengthening A physiotherapist or other rehabilitation professional may recommend exercises based on your specific limitations. Depending on the individual, this may include work on: Foot and ankle strength Calf strength Joint mobility Balance Lower-limb strength Walking mechanics General conditioning A rehabilitation program may be especially useful when arthritis has caused someone to become less active. 5. Padding and Pressure Relief If arthritis has created a prominent or sensitive area, padding or other pressure-relieving strategies may help reduce irritation. This can be particularly useful when a bony prominence rubs against footwear. 6. Custom Orthotics Custom orthotics are another potential treatment option—but they are not automatically required for everyone with foot osteoarthritis. A custom orthotic is designed to fit an individual's foot and can be used to influence how pressure is distributed beneath the foot or how the foot functions during standing and walking. Depending on the person's foot structure and symptoms, an orthotic may be designed to: Redistribute pressure away from a painful area Provide support where appropriate Accommodate a structural prominence Reduce stress on particular parts of the foot Work with the person's footwear Help manage mechanical contributors to symptoms How Custom Orthotics May Help Custom orthotics are one potential component of a broader treatment plan. Their design should be based on the individual's symptoms, foot structure, footwear, activity and functional goals. Do Orthotics Work for Everyone With Foot Arthritis? No. Evidence for orthotics varies depending on which joint is affected, what type of orthotic is used, and the individual's biomechanics and symptoms. A recent 2026 review specifically discussing orthotics for first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis noted that average treatment effects in the research may be relatively small, while also highlighting that individual responses can vary considerably. This is an important distinction: an orthotic should not be presented as a cure for osteoarthritis. Instead, it may be useful when there is a specific mechanical or pressure-related reason for using one. Research also shows that foot orthoses can alter lower-limb biomechanics, although their effects depend on the task and the type of orthosis used. Custom Orthotics Are Only One Piece of the Puzzle It can be tempting to look for one solution to osteoarthritis. In reality, the most appropriate approach may involve several relatively simple strategies working together. Osteoarthritis Management Chart Treatment approach What it may help with Exercise Strength, mobility, function and overall activity Physical therapy Movement, strength, balance and rehabilitation Footwear changes Comfort, pressure and joint loading Activity modification Managing symptoms while staying active Padding/offloading Local pressure and irritation Custom orthotics Pressure redistribution and individualized mechanical support Weight management when appropriate Overall joint loading and health Pain-management strategies Symptom control Medical evaluation Diagnosis, imaging and consideration of additional treatment Surgery in selected cases Severe symptoms or structural problems when conservative care is insufficient Important: The appropriate combination depends on the individual. Not every person needs every treatment. Can Osteoarthritis in the Feet Get Worse? Osteoarthritis is a long-term condition, but symptoms do not necessarily worsen in a straight line. People can have periods where symptoms are more noticeable and other periods where they are relatively comfortable. Symptoms may flare after: Increased walking Higher-impact activities Changes in footwear Prolonged standing A new injury Changes in activity levels Managing symptoms early can make it easier to maintain normal activity and function. Can You Still Exercise With Foot Osteoarthritis? In many cases, yes. Exercise is generally an important part of osteoarthritis management. The key is finding activities and exercise levels that are appropriate for your symptoms and physical abilities. Depending on the person, options may include: Walking Cycling Swimming Strength training Mobility exercises Balance exercises Low-impact cardiovascular exercise If an activity consistently causes significant pain, swelling, or a prolonged increase in symptoms, it may need to be modified. A healthcare professional can help determine an appropriate exercise approach. When Should You Have Foot Pain Assessed? Consider having persistent foot pain evaluated if: Pain is interfering with walking Your foot feels increasingly stiff You have difficulty finding comfortable shoes You notice swelling around a joint Your walking pattern has changed Pain is limiting your normal activities Symptoms are getting progressively worse You have had a previous foot or ankle injury You are unsure whether your pain is actually caused by arthritis Sudden, severe pain, significant swelling, redness or warmth, an inability to bear weight, or symptoms following a significant injury may require prompt medical assessment. How Feet First Clinic Can Help At Feet First Clinic, a foot assessment can help identify what may be contributing to your foot pain and how osteoarthritis is affecting your movement and daily activities. An assessment may look at: Your symptoms and medical history Joint range of motion Foot structure Pressure-sensitive areas Foot and ankle mechanics Walking pattern Footwear Activity-related symptoms From there, your chiropodist can discuss treatment options appropriate to your situation. These may include footwear recommendations, exercises or referrals for rehabilitation, padding and pressure-relief strategies, and—when appropriate—custom orthotics. Considering Custom Orthotics? If your assessment suggests that an orthotic could be useful, Feet First Clinic can assess your feet and discuss whether a custom device makes sense for your particular symptoms. The goal is not simply to put an orthotic in every arthritic foot. The goal is to determine whether changing how the foot is supported or loaded could be useful for you. Custom orthotics may be particularly worth discussing when: A specific area of the foot is consistently overloaded Foot structure contributes to symptoms A painful joint needs additional offloading Footwear alone is not providing enough support or comfort You have biomechanical factors that may be contributing to your symptoms A custom orthotic can also be considered as part of a broader plan that includes appropriate footwear, exercise, activity modification and other treatments. Experiencing foot pain or stiffness that may be related to osteoarthritis? Book a foot assessment at Feet First Clinic to have your symptoms, foot mechanics and footwear evaluated and discuss treatment options that may be appropriate for you. Frequently Asked Questions About Osteoarthritis of the Feet What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis in the feet? Common symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced range of motion, tenderness and difficulty walking. Symptoms often become more noticeable with activities that load the affected joint. What part of the foot is most commonly affected by osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis can affect several foot and ankle joints. The big toe joint and midfoot are common areas of concern, while the ankle can also develop osteoarthritis, particularly after previous injury. Can osteoarthritis cause pain on the top of the foot? Yes. Osteoarthritis affecting joints in the midfoot can cause pain, stiffness or tenderness across the top of the foot. A bony prominence may also develop and become irritated by footwear. Can osteoarthritis cause big toe pain? Yes. Osteoarthritis of the big toe joint can cause pain, stiffness and reduced movement. This is commonly associated with hallux rigidus. Can you walk with osteoarthritis in your feet? Many people with foot osteoarthritis continue to walk and remain active. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, maintaining mobility and finding ways to make activity more comfortable. Are orthotics good for foot osteoarthritis? Orthotics may help some people, particularly when there is a specific pressure or mechanical factor that can be addressed with an orthotic. However, orthotics do not work for everyone and are not a cure for osteoarthritis. Evidence varies depending on the joint affected and the type of orthotic used. Can custom orthotics cure osteoarthritis? No. Custom orthotics do not reverse or cure osteoarthritis. They may help manage symptoms by changing pressure distribution or supporting particular aspects of foot mechanics in appropriately selected patients. What shoes are best for foot osteoarthritis? The best shoe depends on which joint is affected, your foot shape and your symptoms. Features that may help include adequate toe room, appropriate cushioning, a comfortable upper and a sole that does not aggravate the painful joint. Some people with big toe arthritis may find a stiffer or rocker-style sole more comfortable. Should I stop exercising if I have osteoarthritis in my feet? Not necessarily. Exercise is an important part of osteoarthritis management. The type and amount of exercise may need to be modified based on symptoms and physical ability. Does osteoarthritis in the feet get worse with age? Age is one risk factor for osteoarthritis, but symptoms do not necessarily progress at the same rate in everyone. Previous injuries, joint structure, activity, body weight and other factors can influence symptoms and joint health. Do I need an X-ray to diagnose foot osteoarthritis? Not always. A clinical assessment can provide important information. Imaging may be recommended when a healthcare professional needs to investigate joint changes, confirm a diagnosis or rule out another condition. When should I see a chiropodist for foot arthritis? Consider a foot assessment if persistent pain or stiffness is affecting your walking, activities or footwear, or if you are unsure what is causing your symptoms. A chiropodist can assess the foot and discuss appropriate conservative treatment options. The Bottom Line Osteoarthritis can affect the feet in several ways, from painful and stiff big toe joints to midfoot or ankle pain that makes walking more difficult. There is no single "best" treatment for everyone. A balanced approach may include exercise, appropriate footwear, activity modification, rehabilitation, pressure relief, pain-management strategies and, for some people, custom orthotics. The most useful treatment plan is one that matches the affected joint, your symptoms, your foot mechanics and the activities you want to continue doing. If foot pain or stiffness is affecting your everyday life, a foot assessment at Feet First Clinic can help determine what may be contributing to your symptoms and whether options such as footwear changes, custom orthotics or other conservative treatments may be appropriate. Book a foot assessment with Feet First Clinic to better understand your foot pain and explore treatment options tailored to you.

October 8, 2026

What Is Morton’s Neuroma?

Have you walked around downtown Toronto with the feeling that you have a pebble stuck in your shoe? It can turn into a persistent nuisance that negatively impacts your daily exercise or routine. If this sounds like you, you may be experiencing a nerve compression syndrome which affects the nerves located at the base of the toes, called a neuroma. The most common nerve to be affected is the one found at the ball of the foot, between the third and fourth toes. This nerve is naturally thicker than the rest, putting it at higher risk of developing a neuroma. A neuroma at this specific location on the foot is called Morton’s Neuroma. Irritation of the nerve at this location causes the nerve to enlarge or swell, making it more vulnerable to compressive stresses. What Are The Symptoms Of Morton's Neuroma? Localized pain that radiates to the toes when wearing shoes or while walking. Feeling like you’re walking on a pebble. Numbing, tingling, or burning sensation in your foot and feeling like you have to take off your shoes to rub it for relief. Sharp pain in your foot. Pain that radiates from the ball of your foot to your toes. Photo by Artem Beliaikin from Pexels - Thank you! What Causes Morton's Neuroma? It is very likely that the cause of your neuroma is poor foot mechanics, with the most common one being overpronation. Overpronation is the involuntary act of rolling the ankles towards the arches as one walks. As the foot pronates more than it should, the metatarsals also move more than they should. This leads to compression and subsequent irritation of the nerves, resulting in pain and inflammation. How Can I Treat Morton's Neuroma? Your goals should be to: Remove pressures from the area of concern. Allow the nerve to heal. Prevent future incidences of discomfort. In summary, overhauling your footwear can make the biggest difference. Booking an appointment with a qualified foot specialist is a great next step. A chiropodist will perform a biomechanical assessment and gait analysis to identify the root cause of your Morton's neuroma. From there, they can assess your foot type, evaluate your walking pattern, and recommend appropriate footwear. If underlying biomechanical issues are present, custom-made orthotics may be prescribed to improve foot mechanics, control pronation, and redistribute pressure away from the neuroma. These often include features like a metatarsal dome pad, which helps relieve nerve pressure by gently splaying the metatarsal bones. For more immediate relief, over-the-counter metatarsal pads can be added to your existing insoles. Choosing shoes with a wider fit, a roomy toe box, and a lower heel can also significantly reduce discomfort and help prevent symptom flare-ups. Finally, if more conservative treatments aren’t providing relief, ultrasound-guided steroid injections may be considered. This involves delivering a corticosteroid (a powerful anti-inflammatory) directly to the affected area while using ultrasound imaging to precisely target the nerve. By placing the medication exactly where it’s needed, this approach helps reduce inflammation around the nerve and can provide relatively fast, effective pain relief.

September 24, 2026

Metatarsalgia-Causes, Symptoms and How to Treat Ball-of-Foot Pain

Pain in the ball of your foot can make walking, standing, running and even wearing shoes uncomfortable. One common cause is metatarsalgia, a general term for pain affecting the forefoot around the metatarsal bones. Metatarsalgia can develop gradually or appear after an increase in activity. It may be related to footwear, foot structure, repetitive impact, pressure distribution, or another underlying foot condition. The good news is that many cases of metatarsalgia can be managed with conservative treatment, including activity modification, footwear changes, cushioning, metatarsal pads, exercises and orthotic support. The right treatment depends on what is causing the pain. Key Takeaways Metatarsalgia is pain in the ball of the foot, usually around the metatarsal heads beneath the toes. It can be caused by increased activity, footwear, foot structure, altered foot mechanics, or excessive pressure on the forefoot. Common symptoms include aching, burning, sharp pain, tenderness, or a feeling like there is a pebble in your shoe. Treatment often focuses on reducing pressure on the forefoot, improving footwear, modifying activities and using appropriate cushioning or metatarsal support. Metatarsal pads and orthotics may help some people by redistributing pressure, depending on the individual's foot structure and symptoms. Ball-of-foot pain isn't always metatarsalgia. Conditions such as Morton's neuroma, stress fractures, sesamoiditis and arthritis can cause similar symptoms. If pain is persistent, worsening or interfering with walking, a professional foot assessment can help identify the underlying cause. Experiencing pain in the ball of your foot? Feet First Clinic can help identify possible causes of your forefoot pain and develop a treatment approach based on your individual needs. Book an assessment with a Feet First Clinic chiropodist to have your foot pain evaluated. What Is Metatarsalgia? Metatarsalgia is pain and irritation in the ball of the foot, usually around the heads of the metatarsal bones just behind the toes. The five metatarsal bones connect the middle of the foot to the toes. When excessive or uneven pressure is placed on the forefoot, the tissues around the metatarsal heads can become painful. Metatarsalgia isn't necessarily one specific disease. Rather, the term describes a pattern of forefoot pain that can have several different contributing factors. Common symptoms include: Aching or sharp pain in the ball of the foot Burning pain Pain that becomes worse with walking, running or standing Pain when pushing off the toes Tingling or numbness in some cases A sensation that there is a pebble or small stone inside the shoe Calluses developing underneath areas of increased pressure Mayo Clinic and Cleveland Clinic both describe pain in the ball of the foot as the characteristic location of metatarsalgia, with symptoms often becoming worse with standing, walking or high-impact activity. Figure 1: Where Is Metatarsalgia? Metatarsalgia commonly causes pain around the ball of the foot beneath one or more metatarsal heads. Figure caption: Metatarsalgia commonly causes pain around the ball of the foot beneath one or more metatarsal heads. What Causes Metatarsalgia? There isn't always one single cause. In many cases, several factors contribute to increased pressure on the forefoot. 1. Increased Activity Running, jumping and other high-impact activities place substantial forces through the forefoot. A sudden increase in mileage, training intensity or activity can therefore contribute to forefoot pain. This is particularly relevant for runners and people participating in sports involving repeated running and jumping. 2. Poorly Fitting Footwear Shoes that are too tight, too loose, excessively high-heeled or otherwise unsuitable for your activity can increase pressure on the forefoot. A narrow toe box may also crowd the toes and alter how pressure is distributed through the front of the foot. 3. Foot Structure and Mechanics Certain foot shapes or structural changes can increase pressure under the metatarsal heads. Examples can include: High arches Flat feet Bunions Hammertoes A relatively long second toe Changes in the position of the metatarsal bones Abnormal pressure distribution during walking 4. Calluses A thick callus underneath the forefoot can be a sign that repeated pressure is occurring in that area. The callus itself may contribute to discomfort, but it can also provide a clue about where excessive pressure is being concentrated. 5. High Heels High-heeled footwear shifts more body weight toward the front of the foot, potentially increasing pressure around the metatarsal heads. 6. Foot and Joint Conditions Forefoot pain can also be associated with conditions such as: Morton’s neuroma Arthritis Gout Sesamoiditis Stress fractures Inflammatory conditions Hammertoes Bunions Because several conditions can produce similar symptoms, identifying the source of the pain is important before deciding on treatment. Metatarsalgia Causes at a Glance Possible contributing factor How it may affect the forefoot Increased running or jumping Repeated impact can increase forefoot loading High heels Shifts more pressure toward the front of the foot Narrow footwear Can crowd the toes and alter pressure distribution High arches May concentrate pressure under the forefoot Bunions Can change how weight is distributed Hammertoes May alter forefoot loading Calluses Can indicate areas of repeated pressure Foot mechanics May affect how force moves through the foot Previous injury Can change movement and pressure distribution Other conditions Neuroma, arthritis, stress fracture and other problems can mimic or contribute to forefoot pain What Does Metatarsalgia Feel Like? People describe metatarsalgia in different ways. The pain may feel: Sharp Aching Burning Shooting Tender or bruised Like there is a pebble in the shoe Symptoms may become more noticeable when walking, running, standing for long periods or pushing off through the toes. Some people also experience numbness or tingling in the toes. QUICK ANSWER What does metatarsalgia feel like? Metatarsalgia usually feels like pain, aching or burning underneath the ball of the foot. Some people describe the sensation as walking on a pebble. Pain often becomes worse with walking, running or prolonged standing. Metatarsalgia vs. Other Causes of Ball-of-Foot Pain Not every case of pain under the toes is metatarsalgia. Condition Typical clues Metatarsalgia Pain or tenderness beneath one or more metatarsal heads Morton’s neuroma Burning, shooting or nerve-like pain, often between the toes Stress fracture Localized pain that may worsen with activity and require imaging to investigate Sesamoiditis Pain beneath the big toe joint around the sesamoid bones Arthritis Joint pain, stiffness and reduced movement Callus-related pressure Localized tenderness beneath a thickened area of skin These conditions can overlap, and symptoms alone may not establish the exact cause. A healthcare professional may examine the foot and, when appropriate, use imaging to rule out other problems such as a stress fracture. How Is Metatarsalgia Diagnosed? A healthcare professional will generally start by asking about: Where the pain occurs When it started What activities make it worse Your footwear Your exercise routine How much time you spend standing or walking Previous injuries or foot problems The foot may be examined while sitting and standing, and your walking pattern may also be assessed. Depending on the symptoms, imaging such as an X-ray may be considered to investigate other possible causes of pain. Ultrasound or MRI may sometimes be used when soft-tissue problems need further evaluation. Experiencing Ball-of-Foot Pain? If pain in the ball of your foot is making it uncomfortable to walk, exercise or stand for long periods, a professional assessment can help determine what's contributing to your symptoms. At Feet First Clinic, our licensed chiropodists can assess your feet, footwear and the factors contributing to your forefoot pain. Depending on your individual needs, treatment may include footwear recommendations, metatarsal pads, insoles or orthotics, activity recommendations and other appropriate foot-care options. You don't have to simply live with ongoing foot pain. Book an appointment at Feet First Clinic for an assessment of your ball-of-foot pain. Figure 2: How a Foot Assessment Works How a Foot Assessment Works: A foot assessment evaluates your symptoms, foot structure, joint movement, and gait to help identify the possible cause of foot pain and determine whether further testing or conservative treatment is appropriate. How Do You Treat Metatarsalgia? Treatment for metatarsalgia focuses on reducing excessive pressure on the painful area and addressing the factors contributing to the problem. Treatment may include: 1. Reduce Aggravating Activities If running, jumping or another activity is causing pain, temporarily reducing the activity can give irritated tissues an opportunity to settle. Low-impact activities such as cycling or swimming may allow you to remain active while reducing repetitive impact on the forefoot. 2. Choose Supportive Footwear Footwear can make a significant difference. Look for shoes that provide: Adequate room for the toes Appropriate cushioning A supportive sole A comfortable fit Enough space around the forefoot A design appropriate for your activity Avoid shoes that squeeze the toes or place excessive pressure on the ball of the foot. 3. Consider a Metatarsal Pad A metatarsal pad can redistribute pressure away from the painful area. Important: placement matters. A metatarsal pad is generally positioned behind the metatarsal heads rather than directly underneath the most painful spot. Correct placement can help redistribute pressure through the forefoot. Mayo Clinic specifically lists metatarsal pads and arch supports among conservative measures that may reduce stress on the metatarsal bones. 4. Try an Appropriate Insole or Orthotic An insole or orthotic may help redistribute pressure and provide support depending on the underlying mechanics. Not everyone with metatarsalgia needs a custom orthotic. Some people may benefit from an appropriate over-the-counter insert, while others may require a more individualized device. Orthotic treatment should be based on the individual's foot structure, symptoms and activity needs. 5. Address Contributing Foot Problems If a bunion, hammertoe, callus, altered gait pattern or another foot problem is contributing to excessive forefoot pressure, addressing that factor may be an important part of treatment. 6. Ice and Rest Ice and temporary activity modification may help reduce discomfort, particularly following activities that aggravate the area. Mayo Clinic recommends applying an ice pack for approximately 20 minutes at a time, with a towel protecting the skin. A diagram showing the roadmap for treating metatarsalgia/ball-of-foot pain Can Orthotics Help Metatarsalgia? Orthotics may help some people with metatarsalgia by redistributing pressure and supporting the foot. An orthotic can be designed or selected to address factors such as pressure distribution, arch support and foot mechanics. However, there is no single orthotic that is appropriate for every person with metatarsalgia. Depending on the individual, treatment may involve: An over-the-counter insole An accommodative insert A metatarsal pad A custom orthotic A combination of footwear and orthotic modifications The goal is not simply to add more cushioning. The goal is to address the factors contributing to the forefoot pain. Cleveland Clinic notes that orthotics can range from simple shoe inserts to custom devices and may be used for forefoot pain including metatarsalgia. Can Shoes Cause Metatarsalgia? Yes. Footwear can contribute to metatarsalgia. Shoes that are too narrow, poorly fitted, excessively high-heeled or inappropriate for an activity can increase stress on the forefoot. When choosing footwear for metatarsalgia, consider: Toe box: Your toes should have enough room to spread naturally without being compressed. Sole: A supportive and appropriately cushioned sole can reduce the impact placed on the forefoot. Fit: Shoes should not squeeze the ball of your foot or allow excessive movement inside the shoe. Activity: Choose footwear designed for the activity you're performing. What Exercises Can Help Metatarsalgia? Exercises may be useful when appropriate, particularly when limited mobility, muscle weakness or altered foot mechanics are contributing to symptoms. Depending on the individual, a healthcare professional may recommend exercises involving: Calf stretching Ankle mobility Toe mobility Foot-strengthening exercises Balance exercises Gradual strengthening of the intrinsic foot muscles Exercises should not significantly increase pain. If an exercise consistently aggravates symptoms, stop and seek professional guidance. When Should You See a Healthcare Professional? Consider having persistent ball-of-foot pain assessed if: Pain continues despite changing footwear and reducing aggravating activities Pain is getting worse You have significant swelling You cannot comfortably bear weight You have numbness or persistent tingling Pain started after an injury You suspect a stress fracture Pain is interfering with your normal activities You have diabetes or another condition that increases your risk of foot complications Persistent forefoot pain can have causes other than metatarsalgia, so an assessment can help determine whether further investigation is appropriate. Can Metatarsalgia Be Prevented? Not every case can be prevented, but you can reduce some contributing factors. Helpful habits include: Wear properly fitting footwear. Choose shoes with adequate toe room. Replace excessively worn footwear. Increase exercise intensity gradually. Use activity-specific footwear. Avoid prolonged use of uncomfortable high heels. Address recurring calluses or pressure points. Consider appropriate support if your feet require it. Don't ignore persistent forefoot pain. Cleveland Clinic specifically recommends footwear with good soles, a wide toe box and a lower heel as part of prevention strategies. Metatarsalgia: Frequently Asked Questions What is metatarsalgia? Metatarsalgia is a term used to describe pain affecting the ball of the foot, particularly around the metatarsal heads beneath the toes. What causes metatarsalgia? Common contributing factors include increased running or jumping, poorly fitting footwear, high heels, foot structure, bunions, hammertoes, calluses and other conditions that increase pressure on the forefoot. What does metatarsalgia feel like? It can feel like aching, sharp, burning or shooting pain in the ball of the foot. Some people describe feeling as though there is a pebble in their shoe. How do you get rid of metatarsalgia? Treatment depends on the cause. Common conservative approaches include reducing aggravating activity, changing footwear, using appropriate cushioning or metatarsal pads, and addressing foot mechanics. Persistent symptoms should be assessed by a healthcare professional. Can walking make metatarsalgia worse? Yes. Walking, running and prolonged standing can increase pressure through the forefoot and may aggravate symptoms. Can running cause metatarsalgia? Running and other high-impact activities can contribute to metatarsalgia because they place repeated forces through the forefoot. A sudden increase in training volume or intensity may increase the risk. Are metatarsal pads good for metatarsalgia? Metatarsal pads may help redistribute pressure away from painful areas of the forefoot. Their position is important, and the appropriate type and placement can vary between individuals. Can orthotics help metatarsalgia? They can help some people by supporting the foot and redistributing pressure. The appropriate type of orthotic depends on the person's foot structure, symptoms and contributing factors. What shoes are best for metatarsalgia? Generally, look for footwear with adequate toe room, a comfortable fit, appropriate cushioning and a sole that provides suitable support for your activity. Avoid shoes that squeeze the forefoot or place excessive pressure on the ball of the foot. How long does metatarsalgia take to heal? Recovery varies depending on the underlying cause, severity and whether the contributing factors are addressed. Mild cases may improve with activity modification and footwear changes, while persistent symptoms may require further assessment and treatment. Is metatarsalgia serious? Metatarsalgia itself is not usually considered a serious condition, but persistent ball-of-foot pain should not automatically be assumed to be metatarsalgia. Other conditions, including stress fractures and nerve problems, can produce similar symptoms. When should I see a foot specialist for metatarsalgia? If your pain persists, worsens, affects your ability to walk or does not improve after changing footwear and modifying activities, a foot assessment can help determine the likely cause and appropriate treatment. The Bottom Line Metatarsalgia is pain in the ball of the foot that can result from increased forefoot pressure, footwear, activity, foot structure or another underlying condition. Treatment usually begins with conservative measures such as: 1. Reducing aggravating activities 2. Improving footwear 3. Reducing pressure on the forefoot 4. Using appropriate cushioning or metatarsal support 5. Addressing contributing foot mechanics or conditions If ball-of-foot pain persists or you are unsure what is causing it, a professional foot assessment can help distinguish metatarsalgia from other causes of forefoot pain. Sources Mayo Clinic — Metatarsalgia: symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment. Cleveland Clinic — Metatarsalgia: symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment. Cleveland Clinic — Orthotics: types, benefits and uses for forefoot pain.

September 24, 2026

All You Need To Know About Bone Spurs

A bone spur is an abnormal bone growth. Bone spurs, also referred to as osteophytes, can occur throughout the body, and along bone edges. Common sites include the spine, neck, and in the foot, specifically in the heel and toes. What is a bone spur? An osteophyte is a bony outgrowth that forms along the edges where bones meet in a joint. It typically develops in response to joint damage, often as part of the body’s attempt to repair itself. In some cases, a bone spur may appear as a hard, noticeable bump. In other instances, it may not be visible at all and is only detected through imaging. What can cause a bone spur? Osteophytes form as part of the body’s attempt to repair and stabilize a joint, usually in response to underlying joint stress or damage. A common cause is osteoarthritis, the most frequent type of arthritis, which occurs when the cartilage between bones gradually wears down. Since cartilage does not regenerate well, joint changes can progress over time if not managed appropriately. In response to this degeneration, the body may produce extra bone along the joint margins, leading to the formation of osteophytes (bone spurs). Contributing factors can include repetitive overuse (such as running, ballet, or other high-impact activities), previous acute injury, excess body weight, and poorly fitting or restrictive footwear. Over time, ongoing stress on the joint can lead to further structural changes, as the body attempts to compensate and provide added stability. Symptoms Symptoms of osteophytes can include pain, stiffness, tenderness, reduced flexibility, swelling, and a grating sensation in the joint. In some cases, a bony bump may also be visible or felt under the skin. As joint mobility decreases, you may notice a reduced range of motion, along with discomfort caused by surrounding tissue irritation and inflammation. The grating sensation (crepitus) can occur when joint surfaces become uneven and move against each other. These symptoms are more common in individuals who place repetitive stress on their joints, such as athletes involved in high-impact activities like running, gymnastics, or ballet, as well as older adults. Symptoms may progress over time if the underlying cause is not addressed, and people can experience a combination of these issues. For example, a heel spur may present as discomfort on the underside of the foot, sometimes with a noticeable bony prominence. Spurs in the toes or metatarsals may lead to a bump on the top of the foot and irritation with footwear. In some cases, shoe modifications may be needed to accommodate the changes. Treatment Treatment isn't always necessary, since a bone spur may not cause you any pain or reduce your quality of life. If you experience pain, visit a professional for a biomechanical assessment to get a proper diagnosis and treatment. It should be noted that you cannot remove the bone spur without surgery. But, if you fix the problem at its root, and take certain precautionary steps, bone spurs won't necessarily be painful, and surgery won't be necessary. In any case, surgery is a short-term solution as a bone spur can re-develop. Treatment for a bone spur focuses on reducing pain, improving joint function, and addressing the underlying cause—rather than removing the spur itself in most cases. Conservative options are usually tried first. These may include rest and activity modification to reduce stress on the affected joint, along with supportive footwear or orthotics to improve alignment and offload pressure. Anti-inflammatory treatments such as ice, over-the-counter pain relief, or topical medications can also help manage discomfort. Physiotherapy or stretching programs may be recommended to improve mobility and strengthen surrounding muscles, which can reduce strain on the joint. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation and pain. If symptoms are severe or persistent despite conservative care, medical imaging may be used to assess the extent of the condition. Surgery is typically considered only when all other treatments have failed and the bone spur is significantly affecting function or quality of life. If you do require surgery, the course of action is to either remove the bone spur entirely or to fuse the bones together. Recovery time can vary, and as always, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis. Prevention of bone spurs To prevent bone spurs, in essence, you want to reduce your risk of osteoarthritis. This mainly involves reducing long-term stress and wear on your joints and addressing early signs of joint irritation before they progress. Staying active in a balanced way can help—low-impact exercise, proper warm-ups, and avoiding repetitive overloading of the same joints all reduce strain over time. Maintaining a healthy weight also helps decrease pressure on weight-bearing joints like the feet, ankles, and knees. Footwear plays a key role, especially for foot and ankle spurs. Supportive shoes with good cushioning and proper fit can help reduce abnormal pressure and friction. You can find out the footwear best suited for your foot type by visiting a specialist like a chiropodist. In some cases, orthotics may be recommended to improve alignment and distribute forces more evenly. Flexibility and strength exercises can also help protect joints by improving movement mechanics and reducing compensatory strain. Finally, addressing minor injuries early—rather than pushing through pain—can help prevent ongoing irritation that may contribute to spur formation over time.

August 13, 2026

Suffering from Really Bad Back Pain? Look at Your Shoes

It’s easy to assume that bad footwear will only hurt your feet, but it can quickly create a domino effect hitting other parts of the body. Unsupported shoes impact your foot position, which impacts your posture, which impacts your spine and back muscles. Shoes that Cause Back Pain For example, high heels put pressure on the balls of your feet and push your legs forward — to compensate for the shift in weight the upper-body tilts backward. The balancing act changes your straight up-and-down posture, forcing you to arch your lower back and to stick your pelvis forward. The position strains the spine and the lower back muscles. Flat shoes like flip flops also lead to back pain because they offer no arch-support or grip whatsoever. The design changes your gait by forcing you to put more weight onto the outside edges of your foot in place of an unsupported heel. The weight disbursement alters the rotation of your legs while walking, putting more stress onto the lower spine. Another factor that can contribute to back pain is poor shock absorption. Shoes that provide little to no cushioning—often flat shoes with thin midsoles—can increase strain on the body. Each step we take generates impact that must be absorbed somewhere. Normally, footwear helps reduce this force, but when shoes lack proper shock absorption, the impact travels through the feet, up the knees, and into the lower back. Over time, this repeated stress can place excess strain on the joints in the lower back and contribute to back pain. Solutions for Back Pain Replace Unsupportive Footwear The first step to alleviating back pain is to get rid of unsupportive footwear. Instead, opt for shoes with good cushioning and thicker midsoles designed for shock absorption. Materials like cork and EVA are naturally shock absorbent and help reduce the impact each step has on your spine. It’s also a good idea to swap out flip flops for supportive sandals that offer cushioning, arch support, and ideally an ankle strap. An ankle strap helps keep the sandal securely on your foot and prevents toe clawing, which can otherwise alter your gait when you walk. Finally, instead of traditional high heels, consider supportive flat dress shoes. If you must wear heels, choose shoes with a thicker block heel and keep the height under two inches to help minimize strain on your spine. Custom Orthotics Another way to tackle back pain is by using orthotic inserts in your shoes—although they won’t work with certain footwear styles, such as flip flops. One of the clearest signs that you may benefit from custom orthotics is chronic pain in your feet, ankles, legs, hips, or lower back. Orthotics are commonly used to help alleviate back pain by improving alignment, supporting the feet, and promoting better posture. Orthotics are inserts that fit inside your shoes to provide additional support, stability, and cushioning while improving overall function. For the best results, these inserts can be customized to your unique foot size, shape, and arch type. As an added benefit, custom orthotics can also help people dealing with common foot problems. Individuals living with bunions, plantar fasciitis, or heel spurs often benefit from these medical-grade devices because they help redistribute pressure and improve the way the foot moves during walking. To get custom orthotics, you would typically book a biomechanical assessment with a licensed chiropodist. During this assessment, the chiropodist will evaluate the range of motion in your feet and ankles, examine how you bear weight, and perform a gait analysis to determine your walking pattern. Based on their findings, they can provide a diagnosis and, if appropriate, cast your feet for custom orthotics designed to suit your footwear and daily activities. Other Solutions for Back Pain Some simple home remedies for back pain are cold and hot therapies — start by addressing the pain with a cold compress, then use a hot water bottle on the same area two days later. The cold will combat pain and swelling. Heat will improve blood circulation and relax tightness. If the pain is severe enough to keep you in bed for longer than a few hours or if it has you cancelling your plans for the next day, you should see a doctor. Sharp and intense back pain is not going to be caused by your footwear, but it can be exacerbated by it. The last thing you want when you have a slipped disc or a pulled muscle is an unsupported pair of shoes.

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