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A close-up photo of a runner and their legs and shoes
October 21, 2023

Runner’s Knee: What Is It?

Runner’s knee is a condition that causes pain around the front of the knee, particularly near the kneecap. Don’t let the name fool you: runner’s knee doesn’t just affect runners. Individuals who engage in repetitive knee-bending activities, such as cycling, jumping, or squatting, can experience this form of knee pain. The condition is characterized by discomfort or pain often felt during and after physical activities.

Whether you’re a seasoned marathoner or lacing up your running shoes for the first time, understanding the ins and outs of this common ailment is helpful for preventing and managing its onset.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into runner’s knee – its causes, symptoms, prevention strategies, and rehabilitation techniques – to ensure that you stay pain-free and on your feet.

Runner’s knee: What is it?

A closeup of a runner landing on one foot

Runner’s knee, formally known as patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), is a condition characterized by pain around the front of the knee. Any activity that repeatedly stresses the knee cap or the areas around the knee cap can aggravate the condition. It is more common in women than men. This is believed to be due to a greater susceptibility to knee misalignment in women.

Runner’s knee symptoms include:

  • Pain around the knee cap, especially during activities that involve bending the knee, such as running, walking downstairs, or squatting.
  • Pain after prolonged sitting and a stiff feeling in your knee
  • Cracking or popping sensation
  • Swelling and inflammation in and around the patella

What cause’s runner’s knee?

Runner running across a bridge

Many causes of runner’s knee are not specific to the knee, but rather are abnormalities with the surrounding muscles and joints. Because the knee is a hinge joint, it relies on many different parts of the leg to properly perform its job.

Common causes of runner’s knee are:

  1. Misalignment of the patella: Improper tracking of the patella can lead to increased pressure on the joint.
  2. Muscle imbalances: Quad, hip, and knee imbalances can lead to biomechanical deficiencies that overexert the knee. 
  3. Overuse: Repeated knee bending and straightening during activities can cause excessive stress on the patellofemoral joint, leading to irritation and pain.
  4. Poor biomechanics: Issues with how the lower extremities function during movement, such as flat feet or overpronation, can contribute to developing a runner’s knee.
  5. Inadequate warm-up or stretching: Failing to properly warm up before exercise, or neglecting to stretch, can increase the risk of developing PFPS.
  6. Too much, too soon: A sudden increase in activity level, such as increasing mileage or intensity too quickly, can strain the knee joint and lead to a runner’s knee.
  7. Inadequate footwear: Improper footwear that does not provide adequate cushioning and support can contribute to knee pain.

How do I treat runner’s knee?

A runner running into the distance in a park

There are several ways of treating a runner’s knee. First and foremost, understanding the cause(s) will help you get back to being healthier faster. Common treatments include:

  1. Rest and ice: Give your knees time to rest, and apply ice to reduce inflammation and pain.
  2. Reduce intensity: Reduce or stop the physical activity that could be causing the pain. Alternatively, reduce all activity while you consult a professional to diagnose the exact cause, at which point you can slowly re-introduce physical activity. You can also try low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling to maintain fitness while giving your knees a break.
  3. Physical therapy: Physiotherapy, massage therapy, and a strength program can help strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve biomechanics. Engage in exercises stretching and strengthening the quadriceps, hamstrings, hip, and calf muscles.
  4. Orthotics and proper footwear: Custom orthotic inserts or appropriate footwear can help correct biomechanical issues contributing to the condition. A shoe fitting and video gait analysis can help reveal any biomechanical deficiencies and provide a helpful guide into choosing the right shoe.
  5. Patellar taping: Taping techniques can help reposition the patella and reduce pain during activity.

When to see a chiropodist for a runner’s knee?

A runner running past a sign that says marathon

If the pain persists despite conservative treatments, consult a healthcare professional like a chiropodist for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.  Addressing the runner’s knee early is essential to prevent further complications and ensure a timely recovery.

Runner's knee holding you back? Consult the foot experts at Feet First Clinic

We can help you understand causes and symptoms of runner’s knee, and build you a treatment plan to get you back to 100%. Get expert advice on running health from Feet First Clinic by calling us at (416) 769-3338 or booking an appointment.

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January 12, 2023
10 Indicators of Great Running Shoes
How do we know if our running shoes are high quality? What's more, what should we look for when hunting for new shoes? It can be easy to simply look for the cheapest pair and call it a day. But before you know it those low-quality running shoes will start to wear down, which puts you at risk of sustaining an injury or developing a chronic foot condition. Luckily, we've compiled a list of essential features that make a great running shoe! 10 Indicators of Great Running Shoes Shock absorption Cushioning Breathability Support for your foot type Weight Flexibility Traction Durability Waterproof Bonus Features Shock Absorption This is a fancy term for how high-quality athletic shoes withstand impact with the ground. Shock absorbers are frequently mentioned when people discuss vehicles and are described as any device that smoothens or dampens shock impulses. Shock absorption in your shoes should help your muscles like a car's shock absorbers protect its parts. The National Library of Medicine notes that sufficient shock absorption is required during the landing phase of running or jumping to protect joints and muscles from impact damage. When looking for new shoes, you should check the level of shock absorption. One of the best shock absorption technologies includes ASICS GEL cushioning, located in their running shoes' forefoot or rearfoot (or both). The GEL compound absorbs the shock from the ground, and its foam midsoles offer a solid rebound. Saucony is another example and uses EVA foam and their Super Rebound Compound (SRC) to provide durable shock absorption in the heel crashpad. Cushioning Running shoes for women and men will require a solid amount of cushioning. This will help runners avoid common athletic injuries like Achilles tendonitis, muscle strain and stress fractures and also provide general comfort by combating the onset of foot pain and keeping you on your feet for long-distance runs.  Cushioned running shoes are also beneficial for athletes still recovering from an injury and will provide support and comfort as the foot muscles get back to optimal condition.  ASICS Gel Technology Footwear Breathability Wearing running shoes with breathable mesh uppers can work wonders for your foot health. After all, when we exercise, our feet start to sweat, so your new shoes should have a way to ventilate and promote a healthy foot environment. Furthermore, a lack of ventilation can put you at risk of developing athlete's foot or fungal toenails. Some of the best running shoes for breathability include the Saucony Ride and the Saucony Endorphin. The generously pored mesh and thin fabric help your shoes circulate air and keep the shoe's interior well-ventilated.   Support and Foot Type If you're wondering if a running shoe is worth investing in, check to see if it advertises its support type. In other words, check if it's a stability, neutral or motion control running shoe. Generic running and walking shoes often cannot accommodate your specific gait and foot type, but high-quality shoes can. Here is how to know what type of shoe you will need: Stability shoes are for people with flat feet who overpronate (the arch collapses upon weight bearing). These shoes may help prevent complications associated with a low arch, like plantar fasciitis. More specifically, they offer extra support on the shoe's inner sole, called a medial post. Motion control shoes are for runners with more severe overpronation and are essentially stability shoes taken up a notch. In addition to medial support, they offer a stiff heel, firm cushioning and a more rigid midsole. Neutral shoes do not contain bonus support features in the midsole. They are typically for "normal" pronators or people with a normal arch. People with high arches can also wear neutral shoes as they don't need bonus motion control and stability features. Weight You don't want to feel like your shoes are weighing you down while running. You want your feet to feel as light as a feather and to notice a "spring" in your step. When your shoes are lighter, you can run for longer periods. This is because you're using less energy to lift your foot off the ground, which protects you from fatigue. Lightweight shoes can also improve your form during exercise. It's all about making your experience as effortless as possible. To address the need for lightweight running shoes, top brands have mastered the art of using light materials and breathable membranes, without compromising on supportive features. Flexibility Flexibility refers to how much you can bend or twist your shoes. A running shoe can have either a stiff midsole or a flexible midsole, and a clear sign of a good running shoe is knowing its level of flexibility. Flexible shoes are great for longer runs and comfort enhancement, and they will always be neutral and not include stability features. Flexible shoes are also better for terrain running and are more lightweight. Stiff shoes will feature stability enhancements and are great for motion control and improving your running performance. Traction Sometimes when we go for runs we don't always have the luxury of smooth, dry pavement or a treadmill. It may start raining, or you may even enjoy taking your runs to some of Toronto's most beloved trails. The part of the running shoe responsible for traction is the outsole (bottom of the shoe), which are usually made with rubber. Think of them as similar to a car's tires, protecting you from slips and falls, but also contributing to the smoothness of the "ride." A running shoe should have a strong grip of the pavement and other terrain types. A lot of winter running shoes are made with enhanced traction via a rigid rubber outsole and durable lugs. The Gel-Cumulus GTX or GT-2000 GTX from ASICS and the Saucony Peregrine ICE are examples of running shoes with the best traction.  Durability For your running shoes to last a long time, they must be durable. Furthermore, the lifespan of a shoe depends on the sum of its parts and the quality levels of the following: Upper: The mesh and synthetic overlays must be relatively flexible but maintain a thickness level that extends their lifespan. If the upper of a running shoe is thin, there should be less friction between materials to boost durability. Midsole: The density of the midsole, as well as its firmness, will determine how durable a shoe is. EVA foam, for example, has a high level of resistance, making it a durable material. Outsole: A weak outsole will ruin your shoes and running experience as it is the point of contact between you and the ground. Generally, the harder the rubber used for the outsole, the more durable it is. Waterproof Like breathability and traction features, a waterproof running shoe is critical for rainy weather, moisture control and winter running. When you stay dry and comfortable, your feet are also protected from rubbing and abrasion, which can lead to blisters.  You can try running shoes made with GORE-TEX fabric for optimal waterproof protection. This membrane consists of a microporous structure that renders fabrics waterproof. Specifically, the microscopic pores are much smaller than water particles, meaning they cannot penetrate the fabric. Some running shoes made with GORE-TEX fabric include the ASICS GT-2000 GTX and the ASICS Cumulus GTX.  Bonus Features Here are some extra signs of great running shoes you can look out for: Reflector accents: These will keep you noticeable and safe while running in the dark. Removable footbeds: For athletes with consistent foot pain, custom orthotics or Superfeet insoles may be necessary for long runs. You can look for running shoes with footbeds that you can remove and replace with your medical device of choice. Shoe width: Runners with wide feet should look for shoes with varying width options.  Photo by Philip Ackermann from Pexels
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December 17, 2021
Choosing The Perfect Winter Running Shoes
What do you think of first when you think of winter? Is it cold? Snow? Ice? All the above? Now, try running in all of the above. That's what winter throws at us every year, and we're tasked with properly preparing for it. It's important to dress for the season, and if you run outdoors in the winter, your number one asset is your footwear. In this article, we'll cover how to choose the perfect pair of winter running shoes. This includes what to look for, common features, our picks, and best practices on finding the right pair for you. Do you need special running shoes for winter? Whether you need specific running shoes for winter depends on your climate and the conditions. Here in Toronto, the answer is yes. You should invest in winter running shoes because of the wind, snow, ice, cold temperatures, and salted roads. In this case, shoes with better traction, more insulation, and enhanced waterproofing will prepare you for all conditions. If you experience conditions different from other times of year (i.e.: snow, ice, slush), then it's wise to have winter running shoes. If, however, you live in a climate where winter weather isn't much different than fall or spring (except for slightly cooler temperatures), then the answer might be no. You may be able to use all-season running shoes. How do I choose running shoes for winter? Choosing the perfect pair largely depends on the climate in which you live. Various parts of Canada have vastly different climates, so the needs of runners may differ from region to region. The best plan of action is to choose the conditions you'll face the most as you won't necessarily find one pair that's perfect for all conditions. If you run in cold, wet conditions If wet conditions are your primary concern, you'll want water-repellant shoes. Insulation is less of a concern, as you can opt for warm socks instead. Materials like GORE-TEX provide an outer membrane to your shoe and keep moisture out. Having removable insoles is also an advantage to help dry out shoes after each use. If you run on roads or paved sidewalks Roads and paved sidewalks are some of the less forgiving surfaces when it comes to running, as the ground has little to no give upon impact. You'll want well-cushioned shoes with thick lugs and reflective features as you'll likely be running in neighbourhoods and next to car traffic. Depending on the temperatures, thermal insulation is also a plus in colder climates. Waterproof shoes are less critical since most roads and sidewalks are plowed. That said, slush and snowmelt tend to accumulate along curbs and street corners, so a waterproof shoe will still be very useful when you’re crossing the street through slushy puddles. If you run on snowy trails Snowy trails can be either hard-packed or fresh powder. Regardless, you'll want a GORE-TEX or similar lining on your shoes, and even a gaiter (a covering to protect the ankle and lower leg) so the snow doesn't get into your shoes around your ankles. Thick but soft lugs for grip will suffice since surfaces will be soft, and durability is less of a concern than it would be on paved surfaces. If you run on ice It’s important to note that while certain treads and outsoles may provide more grip on slippery surfaces, no running shoe (or boot) on the market is recommended for running on ice (after all, they’re shoes; not ice skates). If you are brave enough to run on ice, you'll want either a shoe that puts traction first or even a shoe with a spiked outsole. For the best protection, we recommend using detachable spiked crampons that you can put on your running shoes when it’s slippery outside. Also, where there's ice, it's cold, so look for well-insulated shoes to keep your feet warm. Must-have winter shoe features Waterproofing: Most brands create winter variations of their most popular running shoes. These account for wet conditions and use a GORE-TEX membrane or a proprietary equivalent that provides a layer of protection on the outside of the foot. GORE-TEX, as well as high-quality full-grain coated leather, is also very breathable, which will keep your feet dry and protected from both the weather and foot perspiration. Keeping your feet dry means avoiding common foot conditions like blisters, athlete's foot, and foot odour. Insulation: Thermal insulation is a shoe's ability to trap your body heat while providing wind protection. Insulation is more common in hiking boots than running shoes, but pairing waterproof running shoes with thermal socks has the same effect. Low light visibility: During the winter months, at least in Toronto, the sun rises after 7 a.m. and sets before 5 p.m., which means, more likely than not, you're going to be doing running in the dark. Reflective material helps in low light visibility and protects both yourself and others around you. Low or high-top silhouette: If you're off-roading (literally) in the winter, you may want high-top footwear that prevents snow from getting into your shoes. Otherwise, a regular cut — almost every running shoe — is fine Traction: Winter running shoes come with a rigid rubber outsole with thick and durable lugs. This helps maintain grip with the ground and acts similar to snow tires in the winter. If you’re running on snow or are worried about ice, you can also use add-ons, like crampons, ice cleats or Yaktrax. It's important to note that – as mentioned earlier – no shoe on the market is built for ice. How long do winter running shoes last? Most running shoes last between 450-800 kilometres. That's because over time, the midsoles and insoles of shoes, comprising of EVA foam, break down, and don't offer the same level of support as they do when they’re new. Further, winter conditions play a part. EVA foam gets stiffer in the cold, which means the shoe has less give when your foot impacts the ground. Salted roads can also break down the outer material of the shoe, so make sure to give them a regular wash in the winter. A good rule of thumb is to either check the cushioning on the shoe for wrinkles or to watch for signs of increased soreness after runs. Both these signs could indicate it's time for new shoes. Tips for buying winter running shoes Shop in the evening. Your feet swell as the day progresses, so you should visit the shoe store later in the day to get the most accurate sizing. Check your size. As a starting point, use a sizing chart to get an idea of what size you would be based on your measurements. Ensure you try shoes on before purchasing and remember that some brands follow slightly varied sizing charts so there's not necessarily one "true" size. Go up a half size, if necessary. If you're unsure of sizing, or of the socks you'll wear, get a half size up as it's easier to account for slightly larger shoes than those too small. Also, tight shoes in cold weather reduces circulation, which makes your feet cold – regardless of any insulating features. Check the space around your toes. You should have some wiggle room around your toes to flex freely. Test for having roughly half a thumbprint worth of toe space between the toe box and your toes. Try them on with running socks. Try on your shoes with the socks you plan on wearing. If you’re planning on wearing socks with different thicknesses, bring them all with you when you go shoe shopping. Run around. If possible, test out the shoes in-store by walking or running for a brief moment. Better yet, some stores and clinics even have treadmills for test rides. Top choices for winter 2022 running shoes Saucony Peregrine 11 GTX The Saucony Peregrine 11 ICE is a trail running shoe with a highly water-resistant upper to keep your feet dry in all conditions. What sets this shoe apart from the rest is its Vibram Arctic Grip Technology on the outsole, which provides excellent grip and traction on slippery conditions (hence why it’s called the “ICE”). This feature offers some of the best traction on the market for running shoes, short of using addons like crampons. Although it’s not GORE-TEX, the technology in the upper is still highly effective at keeping your feet dry in wet, slushy conditions and snow (They kept Erica’s feet completely dry in 3” of slush and snow when we took the photo above). But if GORE-TEX is a must for you, fear not: the Peregrine also comes in a GORE-TEX version without the Vibram (known as the Peregrine 11 GTX). Features Water-resistant and breathable upper Vibram Arctic Grip Technology includes aggressive rubber lugs for extra traction on slippery surfaces PWRRUN cushioning provides a responsive feel while a rock plate ensures additional protection for pushing uphill and driving downhill with confidence. Best for: Trail running in rain, snow, slippery or muddy conditions. Saucony Guide 14 RUNSHIELD The Saucony Guide 14 RUNSHIELD is a weatherproof version of the Guide 14, one of the brand's best-selling and most popular shoes. The Guide 14 is a stability shoe for runners looking for better support around the arch area. It also comes in wide and regular width sizing depending on your preference. For more information about the Guide 14, check out our Saucony Running Shoe Guide (note: cute puppy does not come with the shoe). Features Water-resistant upper Thermal backing on the tongue to keep you dry and warm Reflective panels and bold colouring for increased visibility Best for: Winter road running for those who overpronate and are looking for more rigid cushioning and support. Saucony Excursion TR15 GTX The Excursion TR15 Packs the necessities for a good time outdoors-essential cushioning, rugged traction, and durable protection-with a new streamlined look for wherever the trail takes you. Winter features Grippy lugs on the outsole are made with carbon rubber for rock-solid footing. The trail-specific mesh with supportive overlays locks your foot into place and protects you from debris without looking or feeling bulky. Best for: Everyday use on snowy roads or in slushy conditions. ASICS GT-1000 8 GTX The GT-1000™ 8 G-TX is a lightweight stability trainer with winter features like a rigid outsole and a GORE-TEX upper, making it a great option for winter running. It is the winterized companion to the GT-1000, one of ASICS’ most popular stability running shoes. While many trail shoes tend to focus more on grip and weather-proofing features at the expense of supportive features, the GT-1000 8 G-TX stands apart by also providing substantial arch support and stability features for runners who overpronate, have flat feet, or require extra control to keep their feet and ankles aligned when they run. It does all this while giving you the freedom of movement you need to hit your top speed. (For more information on ASICS’ GT-1000 line, check out our ASICS guide.) Winter features GORE-TEX upper Snow rubber outsole Durable lugs Best for: An all-around winter shoe that is versatile across both dry and wet conditions, from the trail to the road. Additionally, it is one of the few stability winter running shoes on the market for runners in need of additional support and stability features. ASICS Gel-Cumulus 23 AWL The ASICS Gel-Cumulus 23 AWL (or Gel-Cumulus 23 Winterized) is the winterized version of the Gel Cumulus. It is a lightweight high-mileage trainer meaning it's designed for longer runs in variable conditions thanks to its water-repellent upper. The Gel-Cumulus is a neutral shoe with standard cushioning, and no motion control (stability) features. (To learn more about the Gel Cumulus, check out our ASICS guide.) Winter features Reflective accents improve visibility in low-light conditions The water-resistant upper helps repel water and keep feet dry The toggle speed lacing system makes the shoe easier to take on and off Winter-specific outsole that features snow rubber and a lug configuration that provides better grip in cold and wet conditions. Best for: Winter road running for longer distances and for those who enjoy a softer, cushioned feel. ASICS Fujitribuca Max The ASICS Fujitribuca Max is designed for off-road running in all conditions including wet trails and hard-packed snow. Winter features Uphill and download lug pattern for running uphill and downhill Rubber outsole for wet and slippery conditions Gaiter system Breathable upper, but no GORE-TEX outer liner Best for: Off-road winter running (ideally hard-packed snow or wet trails) on hilly terrain.
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December 1, 2021
Walk Into Winter the Right Way: Part One
It's time to break out a pair of boots for a winter walk! Winter is looming over Toronto, dusting the city with snow and making your commutes chilly. Winter can affect people differently, which means when it comes to footwear, many of us have different needs to get us through the winter.  With different needs, come different footwear options. That's why there is such a variety of winter shoes to choose from: They each have different purposes, advantages, and disadvantages. Which one you go with will depend a lot on your priorities, needs, and activities. Suppose you're someone who loves the winter - more power to you! You'll probably want to embrace it and suit up with some warm, protective winter gear. In contrast, you might be someone struggling with a foot condition who just wants to get through the winter with something recommended by a Toronto foot specialist, whereas the fashionista may skip the authentic "winter experience" in favour of winter style. With that, here is part one of Feet First Clinic's Walk Into Winter series! We'll feature some top-notch winter boots and pair them with the winter persona that suits you and your winter activities best! (Want to learn more about what makes winter footwear unique? Check out our winter footwear guide!) The Winter Hiker: The Saucony Peregrine Ice  Why You'll Love it Not everyone treats the winter like something that needs to pass; some Torontonians embrace it! If you enjoy hitting the GTA winter trails, you're going to need extra traction for those icy surfaces. That's where the Saucony Peregrine Ice from their Trail series might pique your interest. This shoe lets you enjoy the benefits of a lightweight sneaker, combined with protection from the slippery ground. Thanks to the fantastic Vibram Arctic Grip Technology in the rubber outsole, you can run through various trail conditions without slipping, and therefore reducing your chance injury. Furthermore, the waterproof Gore-tex fabric and water-resistant upper guard your feet from wet winter conditions, like slush, water and trail debris. The Peregrine Ice is also quite comfortable. Made with PWRRUN foam and an extra layer of topsole cushioning, you can continue exploring your favourite trails without tiring quickly. The cushioning also gives you an extra boost and keeps you on your feet for long periods without the annoyance of foot pain. It also has a removable footbed to accommodate your custom orthotics. These perks combined are perfect for physically active people who keep up with their running routines all year round. The Downside It doesn't provide the warmth that winter boots have. Not suitable for deep snowfalls: The shoe doesn't rise above the ankles, so it's more suited for trails with compacted snow. People With Foot Pain: The Mephisto Zelda Why You'll Love it Winter boots from Mephisto are an excellent choice for people struggling with foot pain. The water-resistant Mephisto Zelda winter bootie is lightweight compared to heavy-duty winter boots, and laces up so you can adjust the fit and opening. The luxurious, soft faux fur also keeps your feet toasty when those temperatures start dropping in Toronto. Chiropodists note that Mephisto is one of the best shoe brands in terms of foot pain management. The following technologies work together to make Mephisto footwear shine: SOFT-AIR Technology: A Mephisto staple! The flexible and soft midsole provides excellent cushioning -- perfect for sensitive feet. Shock absorbing heels: Shock absorption protects the foot and ankle joints from fatigue. This is also the case for your knees and back! Mephisto's shock-absorbing heels are a protective barrier between your feet and the harsh impact of the ground. Arch support: Arch support is essential for a couple of reasons. First (and foremost), it supports the structures of your foot, which helps reduce strain and pressure on the joints and ligaments in the foot and ankle. It also helps provide stability for those with an abnormal gait. Several foot conditions, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, can cause your gait to change while your body tries to accommodate foot pain and deformities. Arch support can also help with controlling balance. Mephisto's highly defined, anatomic arch support in the footbed supports the natural shape of your feet and provides stability, balance and foot pain management. Removable footbed: This removable footbed allows this boot to easily accommodate your custom orthotics or specialty insole of choice. The Downside This boot comes with laces and does not have a zipper. This can pose a problem for people who want to quickly slip their shoes on and off without having to bend over to tie laces. The Mephisto Zelda is a bootie, so it doesn't offer much lower leg coverage above the ankle. Mephisto boots won't provide the same degree of insulation as a heavier-duty winter boot. Therefore, your feet might get cold when the weather dips below -5. The Winter Fashionista: The Ara Paula Why You'll Love It If style is your thing, the knee-high Ara Paula might be the way to go. Although you'd be missing out on the faux fur that some winter boots provide, the Paula is still a great choice for nights out with light rainfalls and a dusting of snow. Thanks to the Gore-tex fabric, this trendy staple is waterproof and breathable while giving your winter looks some modern flair.  The slight wedge gives you some height and that extra boost of confidence for your stylish winter looks. They're also pretty comfy: The Ara Paula comes with a cushioned footbed and built-in arch support - an excellent base for your foot that can help with onset foot pain. The footbed is also removable so you can insert your custom orthotics or Superfeet insoles for extra, customized support.  The Downside The insulated lining does provide some warmth, but when temperatures dip to a certain level, you might want to consider other options. Likewise, other winter boots may be more practical for long walking periods in adverse conditions. The Winter Warrior: The Sorel Joan of Arctic   Sometimes, Toronto winters just aren't enough for the winter connoisseur. For those who like to trek up north and immerse themselves in a winter wonderland, the Sorel Joan of Arctic is the way to go. Designed for heavy snow use, this boot protects your lower legs and feet entirely while you enjoy your winter walk - even through deep snow. First, this boot is all about being toasty. With a temperature rating of -32 degrees C, you can say goodbye to numb toes. The faux fur shearling cuffs help lock in warmth, along with the removable 6 mm washable felt inner boot. The thick sole in this boot also contributes to insulation and prevents heat from escaping. The entirety of the Joan of Arctic boot protects your feet and lower legs from the snow and slush, thanks to the waterproof suede design. This boot's rubber sole is also suitable for gripping the icy ground during your winter adventures. The Downside Extra protection and warmth often mean needing a bulky, heavy boot. That said, if you're looking to immerse yourself in a winter getaway up north, this likely won't matter too much to you. Likewise, the extra bulk means this boot may fall a little short when it comes to style. It's meant for the outdoors, so it may be difficult to pair with your favourite indoor outfit.  There is no removable footbed, which means this boot may not accommodate orthotics or custom insoles. There is no side zipper, which can make the boots difficult to take on and off for some.
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April 8, 2024
The Link Between Footwear and Back Pain: What You Need to Know
Back pain is common among adults, with up to 80% of people experiencing back pain at least once in their lifetime. While the causes of back pain can vary, one often overlooked factor is the type of footwear we wear. Believe it or not, the shoes we put on our feet can significantly impact our spinal health. This article will explore the connection between footwear and back pain and provide insights into choosing shoes to support a healthy back. The alignment connection Our feet are the foundation of our body's alignment, and our shoes play a crucial role in maintaining proper alignment from the ground up. When we wear shoes with inadequate support or that don't fit properly, it can throw off the alignment of our feet, leading to a chain reaction of misalignment throughout the body, including the spine. This misalignment can cause strain on the muscles and ligaments of the back, leading to discomfort and pain. High heels and back pain One of the most well-known culprits of back pain is high heels. While they may be fashionable, high heels can wreak havoc on the spine. The elevated heel alters the spine's natural curvature, increasing pressure on the lower back and making the muscles to work harder to maintain balance. Over time, this can lead to muscle imbalances, postural issues, and chronic back pain. Flat shoes and lack of support Conversely, flat shoes with inadequate support can also contribute to back pain. Shoes that lack proper arch support don't provide necessary shock absorption and stability, leading to increased stress on the spine. Additionally, shoes with worn-out soles or insufficient cushioning can exacerbate back pain by failing to provide adequate protection against impact forces. Choosing the right footwear So, what can we do to prevent back pain and promote spinal health through our footwear choices? Here are some tips for selecting the right shoes: Opt for shoes with adequate arch support to maintain the spine's natural curvature. Look for cushioned soles that provide shock absorption to reduce impact on the spine. Choose shoes with a supportive heel counter to stabilize the foot and ankle. Ensure proper fit by wearing shoes and walking around to assess comfort and support. Consider orthotic inserts or custom-made orthotics to address specific foot issues and improve overall alignment. When it comes to back pain, every step counts. By paying attention to our shoes and choosing footwear that supports spinal health, we can take proactive steps to prevent discomfort and promote overall well-being. 
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April 4, 2024
The Science of Walking: How Foot Mechanics Impact Your Health
Today we delve into the relationship between walking and health, with a specific focus on foot mechanics and how crucial they are. The impact walking has on your overall health is something most people don’t think about in their day-to-day life. But foot motion science suggests everyone should learn about this topic!  When your walking pattern is compromised, even slightly, it can put you at risk of developing foot pain, in addition to heel and ankle pain, back pain, knee pain and even hip pain! This can wreak havoc on your overall life as you experience worsening discomfort. Let’s explore more about the connection between your walking pattern and overall health!  The Connection Between Walking and Overall Health To start, here are some basic tidbits of info to remember: The scientific term for “walking pattern” is gait. There is an inverse relationship between musculoskeletal foot conditions and your gait. Foot issues can lead to gait abnormalities as you try to accommodate new pain while still getting to the places you need to go. However, abnormal walking patterns can also put you at risk of developing additional problems.  In addition to pre-existing foot conditions, risk factors that may lead to gait abnormalities include age-related foot changes, your foot type (flat feet or high arches), having foot/ankle injuries in the past, balance and neurological disorders, and ill-fitting and low-quality footwear.  Common Types of Gait Abnormalities and How They Affect Our Health Two gait abnormalities we see a lot at Feet First Clinic are overpronation and supination.  Overpronation is synonymous with flat feet and the resultant issues that develop when you have a flat/fallen arch. When you “overpronate,” your foot rolls inward excessively as you stride forward. Supination is when you place too much weight on the outside of your feet. These walking patterns are often subconscious and your way of trying to adjust to having “non-typical” feet.  Gait abnormalities can completely mess with your lower extremities. In more scientific words, they affect your feet and ankles and lead to misalignments in the lower body, which may contribute to issues such as knee pain, hip discomfort, and lower back problems. This is because your body’s skeletal system is connected and everything must work in harmony. You are also more prone to injury when you overpronate! Lastly, there are many specific versions of gait abnormalities. One may not overpronate or supinate, but different types of pain can result in various compensatory movements. Check out this valuable resource from Stanford Medicine for more. Treating Abnormal Walking Patterns Don’t worry if you think you may have a gait abnormality. Unless your walking pattern is caused by a severe medical issue, you can often work hard at correcting it. There are many services, medical devices, and products you can try.  Foot assessment: Understanding your feet is the first step (no pun intended!).  Video gait analysis: This will provide valuable insights into biomechanical issues, your foot type, and any noticeable abnormalities.  Custom-made orthotics: Orthotics work by improving your gait, over time, and with correct usage.  Strengthening and balance exercises: These improve muscle strength, coordination, and stability.  Surgical interventions (in severe cases of foot deformities, for instance, bunion correction).  Footwear modifications: Medical shoes and stability/motion control shoes can often help.  Focusing on your posture: This helps properly align the body’s skeletal structure. Remember: everything is connected, from head to toe!
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April 1, 2024
Spring Footwear Trends 2024: What’s Hot for Healthy Feet
As the seasons transition and we bid farewell to the winter chill, it's time to update our footwear game for the vibrant days of spring. This year, the trends are about combining style with functionality, ensuring your feet look and feel good. From casual sneakers to rugged hikers, here are the top trendy shoes for spring footwear trends for 2024 that will elevate your style while keeping you comfortable and prepared for whatever the season throws. Sneakers Sneakers, particularly those embodying Converse style, combine timeless fusion and a bit of flair. Pair them with jeans for a laid-back vibe, or dress them up slightly for an elevated look. Ara Fusion Lilly First up on our list of trendy shoes for spring 2024 are the Ara Fusion Lilly sneakers in a sleek grey hue. These sneakers blend style and comfort effortlessly, making them perfect for the transitional period before summer arrives. Their classic sneaker silhouette and subtle grey colour are versatile enough to pair with any outfit, from jeans and a tee to a casual sundress. Plus, their stretchable, breathable construction is perfect for accomodating bunions and hammertoes, so your feet stay relaxed and comfortable all day. Slip-ons Slip-on sneakers allow individuals to slide them on and off effortlessly with no fuss. Wear slip-ons to run errands or to more casual outings without sacrificing comfort and style. NAOT Okahu Slip-ons are a must-have for any spring wardrobe, and the NAOT Okahu in black is a stylish choice that ticks all the boxes. These sleek slip-ons feature a minimalist design with a comfortable footbed that moulds to your feet for a personalized fit. Whether running errands or meeting friends for brunch, these shoes will keep you looking effortlessly chic while providing the support your feet need. They're perfect for those days when you're on the go. Transitional sneakers Transitional sneakers are another one of our top spring footwear trends. Their adaptable nature allows wearers to effortlessly go from work, to errands, to city strolls, complementing a range of outfits and lifestyles with their understated yet contemporary allure. Clarks Nalle Lace For a versatile shoe that seamlessly transitions from day to night, look no further than the Clarks Nalle Lace. These sneakers feature a classic lace-up design with a modern twist, making them perfect for the in-between period before summer arrives. Their lightweight construction and breathable materials ensure your feet stay comfortable all day, while their sleek silhouette adds a touch of sophistication to any outfit. Whether heading to the office or out for a night on the town, these sneakers have you covered. Clarks Craft Swift Men, step up your shoe game this spring with the Clarks Craft Swift. These casual shoes combine style and functionality, making them perfect for everyday wear. Whether running errands or meeting friends for a casual outing, these shoes will keep you looking sharp and comfortable. Their durable construction and supportive footbeds ensure long-lasting wear, while their classic design adds a touch of sophistication to any ensemble. Their versatile black colour makes them easy to pair with any outfit. GORE-TEX sneakers Engineered with GORE-TEX membrane, these sneakers offer exceptional waterproofing and breathability, keeping feet dry and comfortable in any weather. ASICS Gel-Sonoma GTX For adventurous souls who love to explore the great outdoors, the ASICS Gel-Sonoma GTX hikers are a must-have for spring 2024. Thanks to their GORE-TEX construction, these rugged shoes are designed to tackle any terrain, from rocky trails to muddy paths, while keeping your feet dry and comfortable.
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March 25, 2024
Fashionable Footwear for Sensitive Feet: Style Without Sacrifice
In the realm of fashion, footwear often takes center stage. However, finding stylish footwear for sensitive feet that provides comfort can seem like an elusive quest. Fear not: whether you're dealing with conditions like bunions, plantar fasciitis, or have feet that demand extra care, we'll explore a range of footwear brands that cater to sensitive feet without compromising style. Best for cushioning Mephisto Mephisto is renowned for its commitment to crafting footwear that marries fashion with function. Their shoes feature advanced cushioning and support systems, making them ideal for individuals with sensitive feet. Their footbeds are made of cork, a natural material that is naturally shock absorbent and anatomically contoured for the foot. From sleek sneakers to sophisticated loafers, Mephisto offers various styles to suit various tastes and occasions. The Mephisto Hester sandal features a cushioned cork footbed with a deep heel cup and strong arch. It is perfect for summertime outings, casual strolls or as an indoor slipper. Asics While Asics is primarily known for its performance-oriented athletic shoes, the Gel-Nimbus line caters to those seeking superior comfort and support. The Gel-Nimbus utilizes innovative gel cushioning technology to provide excellent shock absorption. They're excellent for individuals with sensitive feet who lead active lifestyles, whether you're hitting the gym or running errands. Best footwear for width and fit Clarks Clarks have long been synonymous with comfort footwear, and its commitment to quality and craftsmanship shines through in every pair it produces. With a focus on ergonomic design and premium materials, Clarks' shoes relieve sensitive feet without compromising style. Some of their shoes are also available in different widths, from narrow to wide, like the Nalle Lace. This stylish sneaker is available in width with and also comes with a zipper to make it easier to take on and off. Clarks also makes a variety of high-end dress shoes, which are a great option for the style-conscious. Ara Ara is another brand renowned for its dedication to comfort and innovation. Their shoes feature cushioned footbeds, flexible outsoles, and adjustable closures, making them an excellent choice for individuals with sensitive feet seeking style and support. The Ara Lilly has a soft cushioned footbed with a stretchable woven upper. It provides maximum comfort and sophistication for any occasion. Portofino Portofino specializes in crafting footwear that seamlessly blends fashion-forward design with orthopedic support. Their shoes feature anatomically shaped footbeds and shock-absorbing soles, catering to the needs of individuals with sensitive feet without compromising on style. Additionally, Portofino offers shoes in H width, which are slightly wider, providing more room and comfort. They also have a more comprehensive tread depth. For instance, the DY-5068 is a favourite. It features a removable insole, allowing you to insert your orthotics, and a zipper for in-and-out ease. Best seamless footwear Seamless footwear is excellent for sensitive feet as fewer friction points come in contact with the foot. Anodyne Anodyne is dedicated to providing therapeutic footwear solutions for individuals with foot ailments. Their shoes feature extra-depth designs, seamless interiors, and accommodative toe boxes, making them an excellent choice for those with sensitive feet seeking relief without sacrificing style. They also accommodate foot sensitivities for people with diabetes. The Anodyne No. 23 is designed with comfort in mind. It features a roomy toe box and plush cushioning, ensuring all-day comfort without compromising style. APEX APEX specializes in crafting shoes that cater to the unique needs of individuals with foot conditions such as arthritis, diabetes, and neuropathy. Their shoes feature innovative technologies such as pressure-relieving insoles and stretchable uppers, providing unparalleled comfort and support for sensitive feet. The APEX Ambulator Conform Oxford is engineered for comfort and stability. This Oxford-style shoe features adjustable closures and a removable orthotic insole, making it ideal for individuals with sensitive feet seeking style and functionality. Best footwear with natural materials Certain materials in shoes can aggravate sensitive feet. If you have skin sensitivities or allergies, you may develop contact dermatitis, which can cause a red rash and itchiness, and even skin blisters. Possible allergens in footwear that can lead to contact dermatitis include rubber, the glue that binds your shoes together, a nickel buckle on a sandal, chromates, formaldehyde, or paraphenylenediamine (a type of dye). If your shoes give you a rash or redness, you can try footwear with natural materials. Our picks include: NAOT Shoes crafted from natural materials have garnered widespread acclaim for their comfort, sustainability, and timeless appeal. Among the pioneers in this domain stands NAOT, renowned for its innovative use of cork beds in crafting footwear that melds impeccable comfort with eco-consciousness. NAOT's cork beds are ingeniously designed to conform to the wearer's foot contours, providing unparalleled support and cushioning. Sourced from renewable cork oak trees, this material delivers superior comfort and embodies the brand's commitment to environmental responsibility. One such option for summer is the NAOT Amadora, which is wrapped in suede and moulds to the shape of the foot with each wear. Mephisto Similarly, Mephisto has carved a niche in natural-material footwear, prioritizing comfort and style. Embracing premium leathers, cork footbeds and other natural textiles, Mephisto integrates advanced technologies into its designs to deliver optimal support and flexibility. Whether strolling through urban streets or traversing rugged terrain, Mephisto shoes offer a harmonious blend of form and function, appealing to the discerning consumer seeking quality craftsmanship and sustainable elegance. The Mephisto Izae is a casual-looking sneaker with optimal comfort, fit and a leather lining.
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February 26, 2024
Walking Shoes Vs. Running Shoes: What’s the Difference?
While they often look similar, running shoes have athletic shoe features and specialized running shoe technology that set them apart from walking shoes. However, high-quality walking shoes are still designed to fit comfortably and provide arch support and cushioning - after all, walking is still a form of physical activity! The main difference is that running shoes propel us forward, enhance our performance abilities and are designed with more shock absorption. But there's still more to discover when comparing walking vs. running shoes. We're here to break it down for you. Main Differences Between Walking Vs. Running Shoes Flexibility Cushioning Shoe design Additional differences Flexibility  The most flexible parts of the shoe vary between walking and running shoes. Prevention.com notes that running shoes have more flexibility in the midfoot and arch so users can push off using the ball of the foot. Walking shoes have more flexible soles to support steady heel-to-toe movement.   Cushioning Again, both walking and running shoes have good levels of cushioning, but it is distributed according to the shoe design and activity (running vs. walking). Running shoes often have more cushioning in the heel and forefoot. This is to absorb impact from the ground’s harsh effects on the joints and muscles, distribute energy efficiently, and provide comfort during strenuous exercise. Walking shoes, on the other hand, provide comfort by placing more cushioning in the midsole and arch areas to encourage comfortable, long walks. Shoe Design Walking and running shoes are crafted with different needs in mind. For instance, running shoes tend to be lighter to enhance agility and reduce fatigue. They also often have mesh uppers (perforated fabric) to promote breathability and allow air flow to enter and leave the shoe environment. This reduces foot odour and helps keep your feet feeling fresh and clean. Conversely, walking shoes can be heavier and include thicker materials since they are accommodating slower-paced, sustained movements. Additional Key Differences Between Walking and Running Shoes Heel-to-Toe Drop: The heel-to-toe drop is the height difference between the heel and forefoot on the bottom of the shoe, measured in millimeters. Walking shoes usually have a lower heel-to-toe drop to encourage a more natural stride, whereas running shoes may have a slightly higher drop for an efficient push off.  Traction and Grip Pattern: Both walking and running shoes need good traction to prevent slips, falls and injuries, but running shoes may have a more intricate traction pattern since running is a riskier activity.  Soles: Running shoes have stiffer soles, which helps with swift movements and lets you run faster. Walking shoes may have thinner soles because a closer connection to the ground is safer for walking than running. 
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February 15, 2024
High-Heel Health: Protecting Your Feet in Heels
High heels make a fashionable statement and give you a boost of confidence while taking your outfits to new heights. No one can deny, they look good! But are they good for your foot health? Should we really be wearing them? “Healthy high heels'' may seem like a misnomer, but the truth is, there are ways you can maintain your foot health, even as a high-heel lover. Let’s dive into the topic of healthy high heels and learn how you can simultaneously prioritize fashion trends and foot function.  Top 3 Ways to Protect Your Feet in Heels While high heels may cause issues by altering the natural position of the foot-ankle complex, there are ways you can implement them into your daily life to minimize these effects: Choose healthy high heels Minimize high heel strain Perform strengthening exercises Choose Healthy High Heels Fashionable foot health sometimes means avoiding risky shoe choices. If the main goal of wearing heels is to establish a stylish height that pairs well with clothing, there are options you can choose that aren’t the typical ultra-high, pointed-toe stiletto. Heeled shoes that focus on health can come as boots, wedges, and platforms - even pumps! All of which usually offer more stability, arch support and cushioning, without sacrificing style.  Minimize High Heel Strain Minimizing high heel strain involves implementing some simple tips and remembering the importance of foot care in heels. Here are some to consider:  Take breaks If you choose to wear a stiletto or another heel with a low level of support and stability, make sure you bring a back-up pair of shoes to change into when you need a break.  Opt for lower heels Lower heels can prevent foot injuries by offering better stability and centre of gravity. Unsurprisingly, it is also easier to walk and maintain balance with a lower heel.  Opt for thicker heels Thicker heels provide more support and stability than stilettos. They're also less likely to break than thin, hour-glass shaped heels. A broken heel poses a risk of tripping and falling.  Wear insoles with your heels  If your heels can accommodate them, wear Superfeet insoles for added comfort and support.  Ensure a proper fit Unbeknownst to you, your feet can often change in size as the years pass. Make sure you try your heels on and walk around the store to assess how you move in them. Ensure there is ample room for your toes to reduce your risk of bunions, ingrown toenails, and more. Attending a proper shoe fitting at a foot clinic can also guarantee a perfect fit.  Perform Strengthening Exercises There's no denying that wearing heels can be risky. You increase your chances of developing bunions, hammertoes, and other conditions, and sudden falls and foot injuries are more likely. That said, strengthening exercises for heel wearers can add an extra layer of protection against these issues! Try some toe-targeted exercises to keep those bunions at bay, and ankles movements to help with stability and balance. Toe Splays Sit or stand and spread your toes apart as far as you can. Hold for a few seconds, then bring them back together. Repeat for 10-15 repetitions. Ankle Circles Lift one foot off the ground and rotate your ankle clockwise for 15 seconds. Reverse the direction and rotate counterclockwise for 15 seconds. Switch to the other foot and repeat. Towel Scrunches  Place a towel or piece of fabric on the floor and stand on it with your bare feet. Scrunch the towel toward you using only your toes. Repeat for 10-15 repetitions. For a list of more extensive exercises that target the rest of the foot, check out these resources: Top of the Foot Pain Exercises Morning Foot Exercises to Start Your Day Pain Free A Beginner’s Guide to Exercises for Relieving Arthritis
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Carolina Charles

Patient Relation Coordinator (She/Her)

If you’ve been to the clinic before, chances are you had the pleasure of meeting Carolina! Carolina’s daily goal is going above and beyond to make sure patients are always completely satisfied. Having worked in the podiatry industry for 22 years, Carolina brings a wealth of knowledge pertaining to client service, insurance policies, and procedures. She steers the ship to make sure everything runs smoothly on the daily. Carolina is known for spicing up every outfit with her signature costume jewellery.