What Makes Winter Footwear Unique: Key Features

Written by Bianca Charles on November 26, 2021

Last updated November 29, 2021

Winter is around the corner, whether we like it or not.

Winter in Canada is the coldest season and stands out for a few reasons. It’s colder, it’s windier, there’s snow, frost, and it’s dark for most of the morning and evening. Due to conditions, footwear is absolutely critical between the months of December to March. Unlike other seasons, where all-season footwear might suffice, it’s important to invest in winter-specific footwear. Not only for comfort, but for safety as well.

Fortunately, these days, the look of winter boots can keep up with the technical features, but you should never sacrifice comfort for style. Doing so will hurt your feet and could cause injury.

In this post, you’ll learn more about the components of winter/snow boots and footwear, and key features to keep in mind when shopping for winter. Consider this your key features guide for 2022 winter footwear.

Insulation

The first consideration is warmth. Keeping your feet warm in winter means you can help prevent weather-related foot conditions including frostbite and frostnip.

Winter boots are warm because of their insulation. A boot’s liner and layers accomplish this. The thicker (or heavier) the liner and more layers it has, the warmer the boot. There are two types of liners: removable, or built-in liners. Pac boots (traditionally a moccasin-type soft shoe worn inside an outer shoe or boot) are effective because the soft shoe is both removable and extremely warm. They double as a sock and can be swapped in for either warmer or cooler insulate layers. You may see this in brands like Sorel.

Thinsulate boots (a brand of synthetic fibre thermal insulation) more often have a permanent layer of lining within the boot. You’ll likely see this type of liner in a boot without a removable liner, like hiking boots and Sorel’s Tivoli line. This synthetic fibre is designed to like down.

Additionally, you might also find boots lined with PrimaLoft. The North face, for example, uses this synthetic material to line its boots. PrimaLoft was created as a waterproof version of down, as down feathers become ineffective when wet.

Beyond insulation types, some winter boots also have temperature ratings (just like jackets or sleeping bags). Many stores and websites provide this guideline as a reference point. Examples may include:

5°C to -5°C
-5°C to -15°C
-15°C to -20°C
-20°C to -30°C
-30°C and below

Those in Vancouver for example may have different insulation needs than those in Toronto. Further to that point, residents of the territories would need significantly warmer boots than those in Toronto. Use temperature ratings as a guideline, and go up an additional level if you’re unsure, just to be safe. It’s better to have overly warm boots than overly cold boots.

One way to influence boot warmth is to use an insole made of wool or sheepskin, which can add warmth to your boots.

Waterproof

Wet feet are never happy feet. With snow, ice, sleet, and puddles, the winter season is prime time for wet and soggy feet. If you wear footwear inadequate for the conditions, your boots may become waterlogged and even freeze, putting your feet at risk to the elements. Fortunately, most winter footwear is waterproof.

Look for brands that are either made with GORE-TEX or waterproof leather. GORE-TEX is a waterproof, breathable fabric membrane made of Teflon, and repels water while allowing water vapor to pass through. You can also make non-waterproof boots water-resistant by applying a PU coating. PU coating is polyurethane applied to the surface of a fabric which makes it waterproof.

By keeping your feet dry in the winter, in addition to being more comfortable, you’ll help prevent blisters, calluses, athlete’s foot, foot odour, and corns.

Sizing

Winter footwear sizing can differ from your regular shoe size. This is due to a few factors, including the liner compressing over time, the need to accommodate for thicker socks, and different sizing and cuts across brands.

Here are a few tips to ensure you choose the best winter footwear when it comes to size:

Get fitted in-store. Here at Feet First Clinic, you can drop in for a shoe fitting by our knowledgeable staff. If you have any particular foot concerns or a foot condition, you can also see one of our licensed chiropodists by appointment for a foot assessment.
Try boots on towards the end of the day. Feet swell throughout the day, and trying on footwear towards the end of the day ensures boots can accommodate the size fluctuations. The fact that our feet change size over time, and throughout the day is totally normal.
Size up, never down. Especially with winter footwear, it’s safe to size up slightly to prevent pinching or bunching of your toes at the tips of your feet. Plus, additional toe room takes into consideration the fact that you may wear bulkier socks depending on the weather.
Try on winter footwear with socks you own. When you go shoe shopping, we highly recommend trying shoes on with the socks you intend to wear them with. You can even bring an extra pair of socks to see how your shoes will work with different sock thicknesses. This replicates real-world scenarios so there are no surprises when you slip on your boots for the first – or 100th – time.
Adjust for custom foot orthotics: If you wear custom foot orthotics, bring them when you try on winter boots. We recommend focusing on boots with a removable footbed, which will better accommodate your orthotics.

Breathability

Most boots are made with a combination of materials. As mentioned above, boots may combine specific outer layer materials and inner materials (i.e.: liners). Each boot comes with a specific use case so let’s clear up any confusion around footwear breathability. This can be thought of as the effectiveness of a boot to wick moisture away from your feet.

GORE-TEX: Waterproof and Breathable
Nylon: Generally breathable, but not as waterproof (depending on how it’s engineering). Nylon is also more likely to retain odour.
Full grain leather boots: Breathable, but not always waterproof (it depends on how it’s coated)
Rubber: Not breathable, but waterproof, durable and provides traction

As you may have gathered from the above, the ability of a material to wick away moisture ultimately comes down to how it’s engineered and coated. For instance, Sorel uses technology in their full-grain leather uppers that make them highly waterproof. Also, the outsole of a boot – particularly those super durable rubber outsoles that help provide grip in slippery conditions – can sometimes affect a boot’s breathability.

Whatever material you go with, it’s important to ensure that its waterproofing and insulating materials are not at the expense of breathability; they are indeed compatible with each other.

Traction

How do you prevent falls in snow and slippery conditions? Your boots’ traction is critical for grip in adverse conditions.

Winter boots come with varying layers and depths of tread on the underfoot. Think of this feature as equivalent to winter tires. Using this analogy, winter tires are designed specifically for use on snow and ice. They have a tread design with larger gaps than conventional tires. Winter boots serve the same purpose. Just as winter tires keep your car on the road, winter boots and their lugs help you maintain grip in slick conditions.

Most winter boots have outsoles that are either rubber, thermoplastic rubber (TPR) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). All these materials are designed to be durable and provide traction. They also have shock absorbing properties.

It’s important to keep in mind that winter boots are not slip-proof on ice – especially on an incline. If you anticipate trekking through icy conditions, we highly recommend detachable crampons.

Comfort and support

Find and wear footwear that offers strong arch and foot support. The same principle applies to winter boots. Although winter boots will generally be heavier than other all-season footwear, try on 3-5 different pairs (more or less if you find a comfortable fit) to ensure you explore your options.

Proper arch support means you’ll keep common foot conditions at bay like plantar fasciitis, heel spurs, and Morton’s neuroma.

If you’re having trouble finding a boot that gives you enough support, try a boot with a removable insole. That will let you take out the insole and replace it with your custom orthotics or supportive insole of choice.

Price

Because of the build and ruggedness of winter boots, expect to pay between $150-$400 for a quality pair. Though price shouldn’t be the main consideration, it’s definitely important to take into account when budgeting for winter boots. Depending on your closet size, you may opt for a single all-weather boot, or two pairs of more specific use-case boots.

Looking for Winter Boots?

Feet First Clinic has a variety of winter boots from reputable brands such as Sorel, Ara and Mephisto. Our winter footwear is specially curated to balance adverse winter conditions with orthopaedic needs. Most of our winter boots have a removable insole so you can wear them with custom orthotics. Be sure to stop by our Bloor West foot clinic to browse our selection and get fitted.

Want to learn more about which winter boots will best fit your winter needs? Stay tuned for next week’s 2-part blog series, where we’ll give you our top recommendations for different winter purposes, so you can walk into winter in comfort, style, and warmth!

About Author: Bianca Charles

With 15 years of dedicated experience in podiatry, Bianca Carter offers a wealth of knowledge and expertise at Feet First Clinic. Throughout her career, Bianca has worked closely with leading chiropodists, continually deepening her understanding of all aspects of foot care.

Learn more about Bianca Charles

PrevPrevious Cuboid Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and How a Chiropodist Can Help

NextNext Tips To Keep Your Feet Dry In Wet Weather

September 22, 2021

How Changing Seasons Can Affect Your Feet

Summer is coming to a close in Toronto, and soon the temperatures will be chilly, and the air will feel dry - although the leaves will look stunning! Most people know there are preparation and lifestyle changes involved with seasonality. These include simple things like needing new, warmer clothes and suddenly not feeling so dependant on your air conditioner. However, did you know that your body can feel different throughout the year due to the changing seasons? This certainly applies to your feet, which can go through adjustments that affect the skin, joints and even cause fluid accumulation. Don't worry; you're not alone if you feel like the changing seasons affect your feet. People with certain foot conditions may notice this more, but it can even happen to people without debilitating foot conditions. This article will break down some of the ways the changing seasons affect your feet. We'll also provide several tips to help you manage these changes. How Changing Seasons Can Affect Your Feet Cracked and peeling skin Swollen feet Weight fluctuations Storm season and joint pain Cracked and Peeling Skin Cold air in the fall and winter can lead to dry skin that can crack and even bleed. However, it's not just dipping temperatures alone that affect your foot health; it's the combination of cold outdoor weather with indoor heating. American Foot notes that low humidity, heated homes and cold outdoor temperatures can be a recipe for disaster in terms of skincare. Cracked skin and cracked heels can form when the dry air from the outdoors combines with low humidity and your toasty home. Symptoms include thick skin that feels like plaster, cracked skin, inflammation, pain, and sometimes bleeding. To solve your cracked skin concerns this fall and winter, you should find the time to practice routine foot care. Exfoliation and moisturizing can work wonders for dry skin. Specifically, our Toronto chiropodists recommend investing in Gehwol products to treat your skin. One example is Gehwol Hydrolipid Lotion, which is known for its healing and preservation properties. Not only does it treat dry, scaly skin during the colder seasons, it also strengthens the skin and protects your skin's natural resiliency. The ceramides, natural oils, glycerine and urea components shine by preserving moisture in those deep skin layers. Gehwol's Med Salve for Cracked Skin is also a favourite in the fall and winter months. The Vaseline, Lanolin, and medicated soap help soften dry skin and protect it from future damage. Bisabolol and panthenol also work to smoothen small cracks in the skin, and the menthol component cools irritated and inflamed skin. Below you'll see some other ways to be kind to your feet! Swollen Feet Does it feel like the size of your feet never seems consistent? Is it because your foot width or length has changed? The culprit may be swollen feet and ankles, and those size fluctuations could be season and weather-related. You may feel like your summer sandals are bigger than your fall boots, which can cause frustration and confusion over your actual shoe size. If you have diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or another issue that causes swelling, this can get much worse when the weather is humid. The National Library of Medicine notes that seasonality is a significant contributor to swelling. More specifically, hot summer weather can trigger your body's natural cooling mechanism. When your body gets too hot, your veins dilate (widen) to try to cool your body down. However, when veins dilate, fluid can also leak to the surrounding tissues. If your body can't recirculate this fluid, it will accumulate and begin to pool, which leads to swelling. It's easy for fluid to pool in the foot and ankle area because your veins have to work against gravity to pump blood from the feet back into the heart. If your veins are struggling they can't do that, which causes your feet to swell. There are ways you can try to manage the effect of swollen feet. Low sodium intake, healthy eating and frequent movement and exercise can help your body pump blood more efficiently and reduce or prevent fluid accumulation in the feet and ankles. Compression stockings can also be beneficial by applying graduated pressure to the ankle and calf to give your veins the boost they need to pump blood back to your heart. Don't worry about being uncomfortable in thick socks! On the contrary, you can get compression stockings that are breathable and sheer for the hot weather. You can even get styles with open toes for the summer. If you feel like your foot size tends to fluctuate from swelling, you can also inquire about professional shoe stretching. Our Toronto foot and ankle clinic offers shoe stretching services to make sure your shoes fit as comfortably as possible. Another excellent remedy for swollen feet is a foot scrub or foot soak. Gehwol's Refreshing Foot Bath is known to boost circulation in the lower limbs and feet. Another option would be to try making your own foot soak or scrub using Epsom salt. The magnesium sulfate in Epsom salt may reduce swelling and inflammation in the feet and improve circulation. Weight Fluctuations Do your feet feel more achy and sore in the fall or winter? Did you feel light on your feet in the summer, but suddenly taking a walk at the end of the year seems more difficult? This could be due to simple weight fluctuations. It's no surprise that people tend to stay home when it's cold. A sedentary lifestyle can lead to increased inactivity and poor eating choices, which can ultimately cause weight gain. Likewise, when people gain weight, it can place more pressure on their feet. The extra weight can exhaust the many ligaments and tendons in the feet. This can cause onset foot pain that you may not have felt if you were a lower weight in the summertime. Weight gain can be a risk factor for certain foot conditions, including plantar fasciitis (inflammation and microtears of the tissue that connects the heel to the ball of the foot) and posterior tibial tendonitis (inflammation of the tendon that attaches the calf muscle to the bones of the foot). You can help manage your foot pain by noticing your footwear habits so you can make any needed improvements and adjustments. Proper fitting footwear can go a long way in terms of coping. Custom orthotics can also help position your feet more favourably and correct any biomechanical irregularities with the way you move. These irregularities are often the underlying cause of many common foot conditions. Correcting biomechanical issues can help manage pain symptoms in the heel, arch, ball of the foot, ankles and even the knees. Custom orthotics can also prevent long-term joint damage and make it easier to exercise and get in shape comfortably. Superfeet insoles are also great for preventing and managing foot pain: they provide arch support, cushioning and shock absorption, and are engineered to redistribute pressure in your foot. Storm Season And Joint Pain You know all those rainstorms that hit around September and October? Well, those storms can cause joint pain in the feet. This is due to barometric pressure decreasing during storm season, causing the foot joints and muscles to expand. According to The Active Times, this can worsen pain that already exists in someone with joint inflammation, particularly in people with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. New, well-fitting footwear can help people manage the symptoms of joint pain. High-quality brands that promote foot health, offer proper arch support, and have innovative cushioning technology are the way to go. These are vital features that can help relieve some of the pressure on your muscles and joints while walking. Other ways to help deal with joint pain include custom orthotics, over-the-counter insoles and regular strengthening and stretching exercises, which can you check out on our Pinterest board! (the toe flex and raise and single calf raise are great examples!) If you're looking for even more information on managing foot pain, check out our Top 12 Tips for Foot Pain Relief. Are The Changing Seasons Hurting Your Feet? We're Here For You! Be sure to check out Feet First Clinic's product catalogue for your next pair of cozy, protective shoes. Our Bloor west foot clinic also specializes in many services that can help you reach your foot health goals, no matter what time of year it is. Give us a call anytime to inquire about what our Toronto chiropodists do! We're open 6 days a week and are eager to hear from you! Our main goal is always to get your feet feeling as healthy and happy as possible. Call us at 416-769-3338 or Book Your Assessment Today!

November 14, 2024

3 Tips to Prevent Winter Foot Injuries

Foot injuries can increase in cold weather, so it’s important to learn how to minimize your risk, practice fall prevention, and navigate slippery conditions. Not only that, but cold weather can cause muscle stiffness to worsen, making your feet more vulnerable than they were during the warmer months. Today we’ll talk about 3 safety tips—recommended by the foot specialists at our Toronto foot clinic—to prevent winter foot injuries. 3 Tips to Prevent Winter Foot Injuries Wear The Right Shoes Try Warm Ups and Foot Exercises Wear Supportive Insoles 1. Wear The Right Shoes The wrong winter boots can lead to numerous foot injuries. While fashion may be your top priority, you shouldn’t sacrifice protective and supportive features just for looks (plus, you can find fashionable and comfortable shoes at our Toronto foot clinic). Winter footwear should have good shock absorption and be made with waterproof materials. Avoid pointed toes and high heels in the winter—these features are a recipe for slips and falls! Stability And Motion Control Shoes Did you know there are different foot types, and your foot type can determine what shoes you should wear? For example, people with flat feet need extra stability or motion control features built into their shoes to help correct varying degrees of overpronation (when the ankle rolls inward during movement). A foot specialist, like a podiatrist or chiropodist, can assess your feet and tell you what type shoes you should be wearing: Stability Shoes Purpose: Stability shoes are aimed at those with mild to moderate overpronation (the inward rolling of the foot when walking or running). Features: These shoes typically have a supportive structure and posting around the arch and midsole to help guide the foot through a natural gait cycle and promote natural foot motion. Motion Control Shoes Purpose: These are designed for people with severe overpronation, providing maximum support to prevent excessive inward rolling of the foot. Features: Motion control shoes are more rigid and structured than stability shoes, with reinforced areas in the midsole. How does this link back to winter foot safety? If you have flat feet, especially if you’re a senior, and your feet overpronate, your hips, knees and ankles can weaken and become more painful and vulnerable due to years of walking with an abnormal gait. If you don’t have strong feet and joints, icy conditions become that much more threatening. Both stability and motion control shoes can help prevent winter foot injuries by providing extra support and control in conditions where icy, wet, or uneven surfaces make slips and strains more likely. Keep in mind these should also have solid traction performance! https://www.youtube.com/shorts/TnDaLrqYTac Traction Performance High traction performance in shoes (thick, rubber soles with grooves) is essential for winter injury prevention. It prevents slips and falls, which are especially common on icy or wet surfaces. Without reliable traction, even the smallest patch of ice can turn into a serious hazard, causing the foot to slide out from under the body and throwing balance off entirely. This can lead to falls, which are a primary cause of winter injuries, including sprains, fractures, and ligament tears in the foot, ankle, or knee. Good traction provides a stable, controlled grip on unpredictable surfaces, allowing each step to connect firmly with the ground. This stability reduces the risk of unexpected slips and ensures that the foot can maintain contact without sliding, even on slippery patches. People who enjoy running during the winter months should particularly focus on finding running shoes with traction. Many brands, like Saucony or ASICS, design shoes for this purpose. You can also add on ice cleats or cramp-ons to your footwear for extra grip when running on icy surfaces. When looking for traction performance, keep in mind that no shoes are built for traction on ice (although some may fare better than others). Only ice cleats or cramp-ons will provide proper grip on ice. 2. Try Warm-ups And Foot Exercises Before going for a run, warm up your feet and lower extremities with a nice, healthy stretch or foot exercise. This will prepare your feet for pounding the pavement (or snow) and give them an added layer of strength and protection. Runners should be doing this year round as part of their foot care routine, not just during the winter! These routines are not just for runners! Quite the opposite, in fact; they help people with mobility constraints and inflamed, weakened and damaged muscles/joints just as much as they do athletes. People with arthritis in the feet, plantar fasciitis and other conditions can help reduce their risk of winter injuries by strengthening their feet. For example, arthritis can lead to joint pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, making it challenging to maintain balance on slippery or uneven surfaces. On the other hand, plantar fasciitis involves inflammation of the plantar fascia, the ligament that runs along the bottom of the foot. The discomfort may lead to altered walking mechanics, such as favoring one foot over the other, which can compromise stability and increase the risk of falls. Stretches and exercises should target the intrinsic (small, stabilizing muscles located within the foot) and extensor muscles (primarily found in the lower leg), and your ankles. Your routine should include a variety of movements that target as many muscle groups as possible. Here are a few easy, effective stretches and exercises you can start today: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/gOwgyrmU6hM Toe Splays: While seated or standing, spread (or "splay") your toes as wide apart as possible, holding for a few seconds, then releasing. Repeat this 10–15 times per foot. Toe Flex and Raise: Stand with toes planted and lift the heels off the ground. This exercise strengthens the lower leg and foot muscles, improving balance and stability on icy surfaces. Ankle Circles: Sit or stand and slowly rotate each ankle in circles, first clockwise and then counterclockwise. This helps increase ankle mobility and flexibility, which can reduce the risk of sprains. Seated Hamstring Stretch: Sit on a chair, extend one leg straight in front. Lean forward slowly until you feel the stretch in your hamstring. Hold for about 30 seconds. In addition, click here for part 1 and part 2 for the best exercises for arthritis, and here for the best exercises for plantar fasciitis. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/AsuUXJYnUmQ The Importance of Balance We all know the direct link between losing your balance and sustaining an injury. We also know that people with disabilities or conditions that impact mobility need to be extra vigilant. With every step, strong balance allows you to react as quickly as possible to unexpected changes in winter terrain and surfaces, which will keep you safe. Here are two simple foot exercises that focus on improving balance: Single-Leg Stands: Stand on one foot for 20–30 seconds, then switch. This exercise builds balance and strengthens the muscles around the ankle, reducing the risk of falls on uneven surfaces. Heel-to-Toe Walk: Walk in a straight line, placing the heel of one foot directly in front of the toes of the other. This exercise improves balance and strengthens stabilizing muscles. 3. Wear Supportive Insoles Winter footwear is typically built for the elements - not for comfort. Therefore, it can be very difficult to find a supportive winter boot that will also protect your feet from winter weather. Fortunately, if you wear a supportive insole with your footwear, you won't need to sacrifice comfort for function. There are two types of supportive insoles you can wear with winter footwear: customer orthotics and over-the-counter insoles. Custom Orthotics Custom orthotics are designed to fit the unique contours of an individual's feet, helping to redistribute pressure and provide the necessary arch support. This is especially beneficial for individuals with flat feet or other conditions. Add winter to the mix, and this becomes even more crucial. By optimizing foot alignment, custom orthotics help maintain stability and balance, allowing individuals to navigate slippery surfaces with greater confidence. Custom orthotics can be made to fit in winter boots or winter running shoes, to keep your foot supported in all scenarios. They can even come in half-lengths to accommodate dress shoes for when you’re leaving the office and heading to your car (slippery sidewalks are everywhere in winter, so you can’t be too careful!). They provide cushioning that absorbs impact and reduces strain on the joints, particularly the ankles and knees, which are crucial during winter activities like walking, shoveling snow, or participating in winter sports. To learn if you can benefit from custom orthotics, you can consult a foot specialist like a chiropodist or a podiatrist. Check out these resources on custom orthotics to learn even more: 5 Ways Orthotics Can Be Customized for Maximum Comfort and Support The Role of Orthotics in Supporting Foot Health and Correcting Alignment Understanding Different Types of Custom Orthotics: How to Choose the Right Support for Your Feet https://www.youtube.com/shorts/IBXAXoUouFY Over-the-Counter Insoles (Superfeet) Over-the-counter insoles, like Superfeet, are also a great option to upgrade your winter footwear. Superfeet insoles have a deep heel cup, pronounced arch and a rigid, durable structure. They come in a variety of arch heights and cushioning levels to accommodate many foot conditions, like high arches, flat feet, plantar fasciitis and more! Whereas custom orthotics are custom-designed to your foot, Superfeet come in standard sizes and designs (each representing a different colour). They therefore can be more economical than custom orthotics. If you're interested in Superfeet insoles, bring your winter shoes to our Toronto foot clinic. You can then try different Superfeet options to see which one works best for you. Different insoles feel different in different shoes, so we strongly recommend trying on your Superfeet with your winter shoes before purchasing them.

October 31, 2024

5 Expert Tips to Prevent Foot Pain

Foot pain can disrupt your life and make even simple tasks challenging. Whether you’re dealing with soreness, aching arches, or general fatigue, there are several ways to prevent foot pain. So we asked the chiropodists at our Toronto foot clinic their top tips to prevent foot pain. These expert tips also work for a) preventing full-blown foot conditions that constantly flare up and affect your life; and b) preventing existing foot conditions from getting worse. From daily foot care to choosing the right footwear, these expert tips will help you maintain healthier, happier feet. 5 Expert Tips to Prevent Foot Pain Maintain Daily Foot Care Perform Light Foot Exercises and Stretches Wear the Right Footwear Consider Your Lifestyle See a Foot Specialist 1. Maintain Daily Foot Care Daily foot care plays a critical role in preventing various foot issues and ensuring long-term comfort. Begin with moisturizing your feet regularly. Dry skin on the feet can lead to cracks and calluses, which not only cause pain but can also become a breeding ground for infections. Apply a moisturizing cream or lotion designed specifically for foot care after showering, as this helps lock in moisture and keeps the skin supple. It's important to use a dedicated foot cream - not a body or facial moisturizer - as the skin on our feet is thicker and has unique needs due to the stress and weight of our movement. To get double the results with one action, amp up your at-home foot care routine with a self-performed foot massage when you moisturize. Massaging the soles of your feet and gently stretching each toe helps to release tension and boost blood flow. The arch of the foot is often noted as the “sweet spot” during a foot massage since the arch muscles are some of the hardest working in the human body. Massages can be especially beneficial if you spend long hours on your feet or wear tight shoes (but remember, you need to stop doing the latter!). If you find sore spots, spend a bit more time on those areas to ease discomfort and prevent future pain. Additionally, a soothing foot bath can go a long way in alleviating stress and enhancing your foot health. Warm water (hot water can dry out your skin) with Epsom salts can help reduce inflammation and improve circulation in the feet. For an extra boost, consider adding essential oils like lavender or eucalyptus, which offer calming and antibacterial properties. However, the most bang-for-your-buck can be found in foot bath products come from companies like Gehwol. These contain both essential oils AND medicinal ingredients, and are available at our Toronto foot clinic. 2. Perform Light Foot Exercises and Stretches https://www.youtube.com/shorts/AsuUXJYnUmQ Foot exercises and stretches are incredibly beneficial for keeping your feet limber and reducing stiffness. Incorporating gentle stretches can also help prevent foot injuries and make you less susceptible to other biomechanical conditions. Foot exercises work by maintaining flexibility and strength in the intrinsic and extensor muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Some foot exercises are self-explanatory and very straight-forward, like ankle circles and towel curls. Ankle circles are perfect for improving range of motion; simply rotate each ankle clockwise and counterclockwise. For towel curls, place a towel on the floor and use your toes to scrunch it toward you. This simple exercise works the muscles on the underside of your feet. For more specific guidance, take a look at these targeted exercises for common foot conditions: Best exercises for plantar fasciitis: These exercises focus on stretching the plantar fascia ligament, which often causes heel pain when inflamed. Best exercises for arthritis part 1 and 2: Aimed at maintaining mobility in the joints, these exercises help reduce stiffness and improve range of motion for individuals with arthritis. Best exercises for diabetes: Diabetic foot exercises promote circulation, which is crucial for managing foot health in individuals with diabetes, as they are more prone to infections and sores. Best exercises for bunions: These exercises can help strengthen the muscles around the big toe, improving alignment and reducing pressure on the bunion. Adding these exercises to your routine can be instrumental in alleviating foot pain and keeping you active. Regularly performing these stretches will not only reduce discomfort but also prevent potential injuries by keeping your feet strong and resilient. 3. Wear The Right Footwear https://www.youtube.com/shorts/xl6cE3oxDuE Many people think foot pain is a normal part of life, and that ill-fitting shoes will not cause harm in the long run. None of this is true! Wearing appropriate footwear is perhaps one of the simplest yet most effective ways to prevent foot pain. There are 4 things to consider when selecting the right shoes: support, fit, purpose, and condition. Support Your feet bear the weight of your entire body, so providing them with the right support is essential. Shoes with adequate shock absorption help cushion the impact from the pavement, hard floors and ground when you walk or run, which reduces stress on all parts of the foot. Arch support is equally important; It distributes pressure evenly across your feet, minimizing strain on specific areas. Fit Ill-fitting shoes are a major cause of foot pain and can lead to conditions such as bunions, plantar fasciitis, and even arthritis. When shoes don’t fit properly, they can restrict movement and force your feet into unnatural positions, creating pressure points and friction. To see if your shoes fit properly: Look for footwear that allows enough room for your toes to wiggle - ideally between ⅜” to ½” of space between the end of your longest toe and the front of the shoe. If you're feeling your toes knocking against the front of your shoes, they're too small. Conversely, if you're feeling your shoe moving around and sliding as you walk, they're too big. Loosen the laces if the shoes feel too tight. If that doesn't work, look for a wide-width shoe; do not go up in length to accommodate width (you'll just end up with a long narrow shoe). Always check the toe room when you're standing - not sitting. Our feet splay when we stand, which affects how the shoe fits. Activities Selecting shoes tailored to your specific needs is key. For example, runners should look for high-quality athletic shoes while people who walk or stand for long periods may benefit from shoes that have a removable insole so they can wear custom orthotics at work. Whatever your lifestyle, investing in quality footwear is one of the best foot pain tips anyone can follow. Wear-and-tear Lastly, shoes aren’t meant to last forever, even the best ones. You may need to rotate them based on seasonality, or if you think your foot size may have changed. Either way, rotate your shoes regularly to avoid the wear-and-tear that causes discomfort over time. 4. Consider Your Lifestyle https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Y9kriXz1dL4 Foot health tips only go so far if you don’t understand your lifestyle and its impact on your feet. As previously mentioned, athletes need supportive athletic shoes. These shoes are designed for activities that involve running, jumping, or quick lateral movements. Without proper footwear, athletes risk overuse injuries like shin splints, Achilles tendonitis, plantar fasciitis or stress fractures, which can be both painful and debilitating. Seniors or individuals with mobility concerns, on the other hand, may benefit from orthopaedic footwear. Orthopaedic shoes are designed to support the structure of the foot and can accommodate issues such as arthritis or diabetic neuropathy. These shoes often feature wider toe boxes, extra depth, extra cushioning, and removable insoles to ensure maximum comfort and stability. For seniors, having footwear that reduces the risk of falls is crucial in maintaining independence and mobility. Professionals who spend long hours on their feet, such as nurses, restaurant workers, or flight attendants, may need compression stockings in addition to solid footwear. The opposite is also true: office workers or anyone who works in a sedentary position can also benefit from compression stockings. Compression stockings promote blood circulation, reducing the risk of swelling and fatigue. By combining supportive shoes with compression stockings, these folks can significantly reduce foot pain that comes from standing for hours on end. By aligning your footwear choices with your daily activities, age or general lifestyle, you can not only prevent pain but also enhance your life experiences. If you find that a specific activity or aspect of your lifestyle is causing foot discomfort, consider getting a foot assessment with a chiropodist or podiatrist. At a foot assessment, you'll get expert advice to ensure you're taking the right steps to prevent foot pain. Which leads to our last tip to prevent foot pain: 5. See a Foot Specialist The best way to prevent foot pain is to be proactive. Adding a foot specialist like a chiropodist or podiatrist to your health care team is one of the best ways to do that. A chiropodist can do the following: Routine foot care: This includes medical pedicures, corns, calluses and routine nail care. All of this is done in a safe, sterilized environment so you don't need to worry about infection. A chiropodist will also trim your toenails so they don't become ingrown, and will notice any problems you may not. The best part about seeing a chiropodist for foot care is that they can give you expert advice for taking care of your feet at home. Foot & Biomechanical Assessments: A chiropodist can do a biomechanical assessment and gait analysis to diagnose any potential foot concerns that can lead to pain. For instance, a chiropodist can see if you overpronate or have flat feet. You can then get expert advice to manage it so it doesn't cause problems down the road. A chiropodist can also recommend footwear based on your foot type and gait pattern, as well as any exercises, stretches or devices that can help prevent foot pain.

October 28, 2024

5 Ways Cold and Wet Weather Impacts Your Feet

Taking care of your feet during winter might require a little extra effort, but it’s essential for preventing discomfort and long-term issues. The cold weather can impact your feet in its own unique ways, just like hot weather can. Whether you’re dealing with dry, cracked skin or trying to avoid slippery conditions, being mindful of your foot health will keep you a step ahead of the cold. 5 Ways Cold and Wet Weather Can Impact Your Feet Dry, cracked skin Skin conditions Reduced circulation Stiffness and joint pain Winter-related foot conditions 1. Dry, Cracked Skin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-Sf43woLLE One of the first things you may notice during the winter is dry, cracked skin on your feet, especially your heels. The chilly air and low humidity can quickly sap the moisture from your skin, leaving your feet feeling rough and sore. Heating indoors doesn’t help either, as it dries out the air, exacerbating the issue. This is where cold weather foot care enters the picture! Since cracked skin can cause pain and even bleed, it becomes essential to protect your feet. This dryness isn’t just unsightly—if the cracks open up, it creates an easy pathway for infections. This can lead to debilitating pain and bleeding that makes walking difficult. Regular moisturizing with a medical-grade foot cream is a straightforward way to combat dry feet and cracked heels. Look for products that contains a high urea concentration, which will help your skin replenish and retain lost moisture. It's important to use a foot cream instead of a regular moisturizer for your feet because the skin on your feet is thicker than the skin elsewhere on our body. Therefore, a regular body or facial moisturizer won't cut it - especially during the dry, colder months. While you're at it, take your hydration to the next level by always remembering to drink your eight glasses of water per day. This advice still holds up today! 2. Reduced Circulation Cold weather can mess with your blood flow, which can pose a problematic obstacle for foot health. When temperatures drop, blood vessels constrict to preserve heat, meaning less blood flows to your extremities. This is called vasoconstriction. As a result, your feet may feel cold, numb, or even tingly. Poor circulation can also lead to prolonged healing times for cuts or blisters. This is concerning for diabetes patients with neuropathy who are already struggling with wound healing issues. That's why cold weather diabetic foot care should always include steps to monitor and improve blood flow— including daily foot inspections and easy foot exercises. Wearing thermal socks and ensuring your feet are properly insulated can help combat the impact of reduced circulation. Just make sure your thermal socks fit comfortably with your fall and winter footwear: if your shoes or boots are too tight, it will reduce circulation and make your feet more susceptible to cold-weather complications (more on that below). If you experience slippery conditions during winter, circulation issues can also increase your risk of falling or slipping. When your feet are numb, it’s harder to get a good sense of balance, so be cautious and wear shoes with good grip for FALL prevention. Moving around can also help keep your blood flowing. So, if you’re out and about, take small breaks to wiggle your toes and stretch to maintain circulation. There are even targeted foot exercises you can try to help trigger healthy blood flow. In fact, you should do these more often in the winter than the summer. 3. Skin Conditions https://www.youtube.com/shorts/xZ4RQwPmCzg It might seem strange to consider blisters a winter problem, but they can definitely crop up due to cold weather foot care challenges. Wearing heavy boots and thick socks can cause friction, leading to blisters on your heels or toes. This is why it’s extremely important for boots to fit snugly, but not be too tight. So if the socks you like to wear in the winter are causing your boots to constrict your feet, they don’t fit! And if your feet are already dry, cracked, or dealing with reduced circulation, they’re even more susceptible to developing painful blisters. Combat this by ensuring your boots and sock combo always fit perfectly together, and opt for moisture wicking socks to go the extra mile. Another common winter foot problem is athlete's foot. Though often associated with the hot summer months and public swimming pools, athlete's foot is no stranger to winter either. Athlete's foot thrives in wet, damp areas, so instead of crowded public summer pools, fungal infections change their habitat to the wet-from-the-snow environment inside your boots. And keep in mind, you can get athlete’s foot simply by coming into contact with someone who already has it. When you’re tackling wet feet, whether it’s from snow or rain, you need to dry them thoroughly before putting on warm socks. Athlete’s foot loves moist environments, so making sure your feet are dry is key. If you start to notice itchy or peeling skin between your toes, it’s a sign that athlete's foot might be setting in. Treat it promptly with your Toronto chiropodist, who can provide the right antifungal products. Make sure you also keep your feet clean and dry and avoid sharing shoes and socks to protect your feet from a future infection. 4. Stiffness and Joint Pain https://www.youtube.com/shorts/n46k32OZgco Cold weather tightens your muscles, which in turn can lead to stiff joints. This discomfort can be particularly noticeable if you already have arthritis or any other joint-related issues. Without the right cold weather foot care, your feet can end up feeling stiff, which can affect your overall mobility. To help counteract this, regular stretching and low-impact exercises, such as foot rotations, can keep your joints limber. This season also requires some extra attention to footwear. Choose shoes with ample support to keep your feet cushioned against the impact of walking on hard, cold surfaces. Slippery conditions can further aggravate joint pain because your body works overtime to stay balanced, putting extra pressure on your feet. Adding orthotics or insoles that provide added arch support can also reduce some of this strain and make your steps feel more cushioned and less jarring. 5. Winter Related Foot Conditions Winter brings its own set of unique foot problems, including chilblains, frostbite, and Raynaud’s disease, all of which can make cold weather foot care a bit trickier. Chilblains occur when your feet are exposed to cold, damp environments, causing painful, itchy red patches. This is particularly common in teenagers, or people who quickly reheat their feet after being in the cold, so it’s best to warm up slowly. Frostbite is another concern in extreme cold, as it can severely damage your skin and tissues. Frostbite can occur more quickly than you might expect, especially if you don't protect your feet from the weather. Signs of frostbite include numbness, skin discolouration, and a hard, waxy texture. If you think you may be experiencing frostbite, it’s essential to seek medical help immediately. To prevent frostbite, be sure to layer up and wear weatherproof boots that keep your feet dry and warm. Lastly, Raynaud’s disease can be exacerbated by cold weather. People with Raynaud’s experience an exaggerated response to cold, which restricts blood flow to the toes, leading to reduced circulation and making your feet even more vulnerable. Keeping your feet constantly warm and avoiding sudden temperature changes can help manage Raynaud’s symptoms, but if you experience persistent pain or numbness, you should consult a healthcare provider.

October 17, 2024

6 Foot Exercises to Strengthen and Protect Your Feet

Studies show that 8 weeks of a solid foot health workout can increase intrinsic foot muscle volumes by up to 22.8%. These are the various small muscle groups located entirely within the foot. They play a key role in stabilizing the arch, supporting balance, and enabling precise movements of the toes. Foot exercises can also help maintain extrinsic muscle strength. These are the muscles that connect to the foot, but are located just outside it, mainly in the lower leg, calf and Achilles tendon area. Foot exercises can also work your toes and the bottom of the foot, soothe pain, strengthen your ankles and prevent foot injuries. This article will list some of the best foot pain relief exercises you can incorporate into your daily routine, starting today! Ball Stretch View this post on Instagram A post shared by Feet First Clinic (@feetfirstclinic_) Simply rolling your back and forth on a small ball can help with plantar fasciitis, arch pain, bottom of the foot pain, and general foot fatigue. You don’t need a therapeutic massage ball—a tennis, lacrosse or golf ball will work. Sit or stand comfortably and place the ball under your foot. Roll the ball slowly from your heel to your toes, applying gentle pressure for 2-3 minutes. Switch to the other foot. Toe Pulls View this post on Instagram A post shared by Feet First Clinic (@feetfirstclinic_) This exercise can help relieve plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, and general foot or calf tightness. Sit with your legs extended in front of you and your back straight. Use your hands to gently pull back on your toes, stretching the bottom of your feet and calves. Hold for 20-30 seconds. Release and repeat 2-3 times, focusing on a slow, controlled stretch. (Optional) Incorporate a resistance band by looping it around your feet and pulling back to deepen the stretch. Toe Flex and Raise View this post on Instagram A post shared by Feet First Clinic (@feetfirstclinic_) Work out your tibialis anterior, improve toe flexibility and balance and strengthen your feet with this fun exercise. Stand with your feet flat and toes planted firmly on the ground. Lift your heels off the ground, keeping your toes pressed down, then slowly lower your heels back to the floor. Repeat the movement 10-15 times, focusing on control. Ankle Circles View this post on Instagram A post shared by Feet First Clinic (@feetfirstclinic_) This stretch helps strengthen your ankles and can improve general mobility. Sit or stand with one foot lifted slightly off the ground. Rotate your ankle slowly in large circles, first clockwise, then counterclockwise. Repeat 10 times in each direction, then switch to the other ankle. Calf Stretch on a Step A great choice for calf strengthening and targeting the extrinsic muscle group, this is a simple stretch that just requires a set of stairs! Stand on a step with your heels hanging off the edge and hold onto a railing or wall for balance. Lower your heels slowly below the step, feeling a stretch in your calves. Hold for 20-30 seconds, then raise your heels back up and repeat 2-3 times. Marble Pick-Ups View this post on Instagram A post shared by Feet First Clinic (@feetfirstclinic_) This exercise can help with your general coordination and improve toe strength and flexibility, which may alleviate discomfort from conditions like bunions and arthritis. There are no time constraints with this one, simply focus on the task at hand. Place small objects (like marbles) on the floor in front of you while seated. Use your toes to pick up each object and drop them into a nearby bowl or container. Repeat with both feet, aiming for 10-15 picks per foot.

October 10, 2024

Common Fall Foot Problems and How to Prevent Them

Toronto's summer is behind us and the warm days of sandals won’t return until next year. But fall brings its own charm and many folks are excited for a new chapter. At the same time, you may also be looking to prevent foot issues this fall in as many ways as possible, and luckily, you’ve come to the right place! For top tips on blisters and dry skin prevention, as well as how you can fight some other common fall foot problems, keep reading today’s article! Cracked Heels As summer’s humid air is replaced with dryness, the skin on your feet may dehydrate and over time, cracked heels can form. One of the best fall foot care tips to prevent this is regular moisturizing. Use a nutrient-dense product like Gehwol’s Lipidro Cream, available at Toronto’s Feet First Clinic. It helps lock in moisture and prevent further damage. Containing high-quality ingredients like avocado oil and urea, this cream helps your skin absorb water into its layers and supplies dry skin with the lipids it needs. Properties like allantoin can also soothe irritation sometimes associated with cracked heels. Fungal Infections You may have heard how fungal infections like athlete’s foot are easy to contract during the summertime. Public pools, shared locker rooms and showers, and other communal spaces are all summer hot spots where this foot fungus can breed. But did you know that foot fungi is still a threat in the fall? It can thrive when people wear closed shoes for longer periods, trapping moisture and warmth. To prevent this, keep feet clean and dry, wear breathable socks, and choose shoes that allow proper ventilation. Shoes should also be waterproof to prevent extra water getting into your shoe’s environment. To find the right pair for fall, visit your local Toronto foot clinic for a shoe fitting. While you’re at it, learn all about the best foot hygiene here! Musculoskeletal Foot Conditions Musculoskeletal foot conditions can flare up as the fall chill starts to bite, making each step feel a little extra uncomfortable. Cold temperatures cause the tissues in your joints to contract, putting pressure on nerve endings and leading to more foot pain and aggravated osteoarthritis. The cold can also worsen foot conditions like plantar fasciitis and other sources of arch and heel pain. Get ahead of this issue by wearing boots with solid insulation that traps warmth. Also, keep your feet extra cozy with warm socks — a Toronto chiropodist may even suggest a pair of compression stockings (like Sigvaris' Thermoregulating Wool or Merino Wool compression stockings). Blisters Autumn foot health often involves managing painful blisters. As new footwear makes its debut, a tight squeeze can slowly wreak havoc and cause discomfort. To keep your feet happy and blisters at bay, make sure your shoes fit securely and snugly (but not tight!) to prevent excessive friction rubbing against your skin. Wear your boots with other products like moisture control socks, foot powders, blister bandages and insoles to prevent this frustrating issue.

October 7, 2024

5 Ways Orthotics Can Be Customized for Maximum Comfort and Support

Many people don’t know what goes into their custom orthotics – not just the materials, but the technology that creates a comfortable orthotic. In this post, learn about all the different accomodations and orthotic customizations available to make your feet happy! https://www.youtube.com/shorts/IBXAXoUouFY?feature=share What Are Orthotic Customizations and Accomodations Additions and Accommodations are very common parts of custom orthotics. They are used if a normal over-the-counter insole just won’t cut it. For example, if a patient has a neuroma or a misaligned gait, an orthotic without custom support won’t have anywhere near the same effectiveness. Here is a list of the most common orthotic customizations and accommodations for custom orthotics. Heel Modifications Firstly we have heel modifications. These are some of the most common additions to keep your feet comfortable and supported: Cushion – Adds additional padding and shock absorption on the heel. Heel cushions cover the whole heel. Cushioning the heel is helpful for a variety of foot conditions, like plantar fasciitis and arthritis. It essentially reduces the strain and impact of your step. Lift – Heel lifts can balance out differences in leg height and to prevent overpronation or supination. They can also be used to help with Achillies tendonitis. They're made of a harder material for balance. Hole – Heel holes are used to help with heel spurs. Cushioning can be added to increase comfort and distribute pressure in the heel. Seat – A Heel seat gives the patient more control if they overpronate. It's designed to hold the fatty tissue under the calcaneus in place. Metatarsal Modifications These orthotic customizations are designed to take pressure off of your metatarsals (the ball of your foot). They are helpful for anyone experiencing foot pain at the ball of their foot just below the toes. 1st Ray Cutout - Helps to offload pressure off 1st metatarsal head (the big toe). This is used to help with bunions and arthritis. 2-4 Metatarsal Pad – This is a teardrop shaped pad that sits below the metatarsals. It takes some of the load off the metatarsals by offloading pressure at ball of foot and elevating the second, third, and fourth metatarsals. Metatarsal Bar – This is similar to 2-4 metatarsal pads, but has more surface area and offloads more pressure from the metatarsal heads. It can provide more stress relief in some cases. Neuroma Pad – This is a small pad that sits between metatarsals and spreads them apart. It is designed to correct the transverse arch and help with pain in the metatarsals. As the name suggests, it is can help people experiencing a Morton's neuroma. Arch Support Moving on, we have arch support, which is important for everyone - regardless of whether you have a foot condition - but moreso for people who struggle with plantar fasciitis and arch pain. Arch Pad – Additonal support on the arch for patients who need more arch support. Fill – Arch fills make the orthotic more rigid. This is used to help the orthotic to support more weight. It can also be used to help somewhat with controlling the midtarsal joints. Additional Accommodations Finally, we have modifications that don't really fit into the previous categories. These are all very common additions that are often put in orthotics: Morton’s Extension – Extra length under 1st metatarsal to keep it rigid. It helps during the push off phase of gait and can be rigid if patient has hallux rigidus or limitus. It immobilizes and offsets pressure on the first met joint. Reverse Morton’s – This increases the mobility of the first met joint. The pad sits under the 2nd to the 5th met head and ends before the first. Dancer Pad – Offloads the ball of the foot. It works by taking weight off of the big toe joint and dispersing it. Scaphoid Pad - This is used to help support the mid and back foot. Helps take pressure off the joints and bones in the arch. While these are the most common accommodations found on orthotics, there are many more! To learn more about how orthotics can be modified and customized to suit your unique foot needs, check out this Website. What Orthotic is Right For Me? A licensed chiropodist can determine what orthotic customizations and features are best for you. The chiropodist would first do a biomechanical assessment and gait analysis. They'll then diagnose your foot condition and make recommendations. Remember - orthotics are just one part of the equation when it comes to treating foot pain. While they can be beneficial for many common foot conditions, it's recommended to also explore other treatment options first, like supportive footwear, exercises and stretches. If your chiropodist recommends orthotics, they'll discuss the different options and customizations available, and which ones will work best for your foot condition. They'll also take into account your activities and the footwear you'd be wearing the orthotics with. The chiropodist will then take a 3D scan of your foot and send it off to the lab to make your orthotics. You would then see the chiropodist a few weeks later for a fitting appointment, at which time the chiropodist will check that the orthotics are constructed properly and working the way they should. If everything checks out, you can take them home! We also recommend coming back about 6 to 8 weeks after your fitting for a follow-up appointment to see if your orthotics are helping with your foot pain. If they aren't, the chiropodist can modify the orthotics. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/pO5oWb6S5MA?feature=share

Book Online

Our simple to use, online booking process makes it easy to book an appointment with a chiropodist for any of our services. No referral needed!

Got questions? We're here to help.

Please fill out the form below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

Share: