March 2, 2023
Many different foot issues fall under the "foot injuries" umbrella.
From sprains and broken bones that leave you bedridden to overuse injuries that make your days more painful, it would take a full day to discuss every foot injury in detail!
That's why we're aiming to give this article a positive spin by switching the focus to treatment and how a chiropodist can help you. But first, it's important to discern between the two types of injuries and how the type you have will determine your approach to treatment.
Today's blog will discuss the following:
What are some common foot injuries?
Examples of overuse injuries
Examples of acute injuries
How do chiropodists treat and prevent foot injuries?
What Are Some Common Foot Injuries?
When discussing foot injury treatment, it's important to distinguish the cause of the injury and whether or not sudden, acute pain is present.
Some injuries cause everyday pain flair-ups that can be a real nuisance but aren't enough to make you feel like you must go to the hospital. These are "overuse" injuries because they stem from straining your muscles and joints and withstanding repetitive, mild trauma.
These injuries arise when we exert intense physical activity too quickly without proper stretching, exercising and footwear. However, you don't have to be an athlete to succumb to an overuse injury; you can also develop one due to wearing ill-fitting, unsupportive shoes while working on your feet all day.
On the other hand, some injuries are sudden and result from a fall or misstep. They can also result from the blunt impact of an object falling on your foot. These are often more debilitating in the days that follow the injury.
Examples of Overuse / "Everyday" Foot Injuries
Achilles Tendonitis: Occurs due to Achilles tendon inflammation (connects your heel and calf along the back of the foot).
Plantar Fasciitis: Inflammation of the thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot (plantar fascia). Often caused by overuse, poor footwear choices and repeated walking on hard surfaces.
Morton's Neuroma: Results from the irritation and thickening of the tissues surrounding the nerves that lead to your toes. Patients notice pain in the ball of the foot.
Shin splints: Pain along the shin bone caused by overworking muscles, tendons and bone tissues, commonly found in athletes and dancers.
Heel spurs: A calcium deposit that causes a bony protrusion underneath the heel bone. They may be painless or cause sporadic heel pain.
Capsulitis (big toe or second toe): Joint inflammation in the area where the toe's base meets the foot's ball.
Stress Fractures: Tiny cracks in the weight-bearing bones of the lower leg and foot due to overuse and playing sports with excessive jumping and running.
Examples of Sudden (Acute) Foot Injuries
Ankle sprains
Broken bones in the foot due to blunt force trauma
Bruises(contusions)
Puncture wounds
Ruptured tendons
How Do Chiropodists Treat and Prevent Foot Injuries?
Overuse / Everyday Injuries Treatment and Prevention
Chiropodists are known for successfully treating and preventing overuse injuries. They pride themselves on giving patients the tools to manage pain and improve their quality of life. Some of the most effective services include:
Custom orthotic fittings
Recommending exercises and stretches
Shockwave therapy
Footwear modification guidance
Periodic foot assessments
Custom Orthotic Fittings
These inserts fit into virtually all of your footwear, help stabilize your feet and ankles, and take the stress off the weight-bearing areas of the feet. They are one of the most multi-purposeful medical devices for foot injury recovery and can aid almost every foot condition. The goal is to use your foot as the blueprint to create the perfect pair of orthotics that keep your foot in the ideal position for healing and pain management.
Recommending Exercises and Stretches for Target Muscles, Tendons, Ligaments and Joints
Feet First Clinic's Pinterest Board has several options for stretches that help with plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, ankle strengthening, and much more. These routines are also tools you can use to strengthen your foot, protecting you from a future overuse or sudden injury. These stretches and exercises also fit nicely into your foot care regimen!
Shockwave Therapy
This modern and non-invasive therapy treats soft tissue injuries like Achilles tendonitis, plantar fasciitis, Morton's neuroma and muscle strain. After thorough preparation, a chiropodist uses an applicator to deliver energy pulses to the affected areas. It is a quick, pain-free treatment lasting only 5-20 minutes.
Footwear Modification Guidance
Chiropodists have a keen sense of what shoes to recommend depending on individual needs. A shoe fitting at a foot clinic keeps you from developing an overuse injury and can help in the rehabilitation phase of a more severe injury.
Periodic Foot Assessments
A foot assessment is like a full body physical that focuses solely on your feet. Likewise, you will need updates on how your overuse or acute injury is recovering and if your progress is continuing along nicely. For those without glaring foot issues, a foot assessment is recommended once per year. If you have a healing injury, you should see your chiropodist for an assessment every six months or less, depending on your situation.
Sudden Foot Injuries Treatment and Prevention
Now let's get into the more debilitating foot injuries.
First and foremost, you shouldn't immediately see your chiropodist after experiencing a blunt form trauma injury, sudden ankle sprain or any other type of acutely painful accident. On the day you sustain such an injury (and the immediate days that follow), you may have to get MRIs or X-ray images in addition to crutches or a physical exam from a physician. You should then practice the R.I.C.E (rest, ice, compression, elevation) method from home while you take it easy and avoid walking.
However, chiropodists can help immensely with injury recovery after the acute pain phase passes. Chiropody treatment for ankle injuries like sprains or broken bones in the foot typically occurs during rehabilitation or when the patient has begun healing and needs to regain control of their motion via therapeutic intervention.
To learn what treatment methods are available, you can simply revert to our list for overuse injuries. You can also use the preventative measures we've already mentioned, but we have a few additional tips worth noting:
Reduce your chances of ankle sprains by focusing on stretches that improve ankle flexibility and strength.
Watch your step when walking and playing sports to avoid breaking a bone or sustaining a sprain.
Wear shoes that offer extra ankle support to avoid sprains.
To prevent accidents at home, wear shoes or orthopaedic slippers indoors and take your time walking while tired or impaired for any reason.
February 9, 2023
Toe pain can be mysterious. There are numerous causes, and sometimes you can live your life assuming you know why it's there, only to be completely wrong! Case in point: a lesser-known toe condition called capsulitis.
Capsulitis is an overuse injury that mainly targets the second toe and the surrounding area. Today we'll thoroughly dive into the topic by addressing the following:
What is capsulitis?
Symptoms of capsulitis
Causes of capsulitis
Treatment and prevention
Complications
What is Capsulitis?
Capsulitis, also known as frozen toe, hallux rigidus or turf toe, is a foot condition characterized by joint inflammation in the area where the base of the toe meets the ball of the foot. The specific area affected is called a "capsule" and is technically a dense ligament structure found at the base of the joint. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, capsulitis in the feet usually targets the second toe. However, it can sometimes affect the big toe and the third and fourth toes. Another technical term for capsulitis in the toe is metatarsophalangeal synovitis (MTP joint pain).
Healthline also notes that capsulitis is often confused with Morton's Neuroma since pain radiates toward the ball of the foot in both conditions. However, Morton's Neuroma results from compressed nerves and capsulitis from inflammation. A chiropodist can help you tell the difference between the two conditions.
Symptoms of Capsulitis
Capsulitis often worsens as time progresses. This means that symptoms can vary depending on the stages of development. It's important to be in tune with your foot health and seek help if you notice the following:
Pain in the ball of the foot.
A persistent feeling that something is "bunched up" in your shoe or the feeling that you're walking on a pebble or marble.
Swelling in the base of the affected toe.
Discomfort while wearing shoes.
Pain that worsens when you're barefoot.
Crossover toe: as degradation of the ligament progresses, the joint in the second toe can fail to stabilize (stay in the right position). This can cause your second toe to move towards the big toe and lay on top of it.
What are Some Causes of Capsulitis?
Capsulitis is technically an overuse injury that targets the ball of the foot. And as with many foot conditions, one issue can often be a risk factor in developing another.
The following may lead to capsulitis development:
There is a connection between severe bunions and capsulitis. Other prominent foot deformities like hammertoes can also be a risk factor. Both conditions can lead to too much pressure on the ball of the foot and subsequent inflammation.
Abnormal foot mechanics can put you at risk. It's important to note that this is not the same as a severe foot deformity. It simply means any mild structural factors that lead to excessive weight-bearing pressure in the ball of the foot underneath the toe.
If your second toe is longer than your big toe, you may experience capsulitis.
An unstable foot arch, like high arches and flat feet, can contribute to capsulitis.
Excessive bending of the toes. This can happen if you wear poorly designed shoes or high heels.
Capsulitis Treatment and Prevention
It's relatively easy to tackle early-stage toe capsulitis. You can purchase many items from a pharmacy, general store or foot clinic that can relieve the pain. A chiropodist can also use their unique expertise to ensure the condition improves.
Here are some effective treatment methods:
Ice or heat packs. Compression can help reduce swelling, and applying heat or ice (while resting with your foot elevated) can help with pain management.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen.
Supportive footwear with proper arch support and strong soles. Rocker bottom-sole shoes can be especially helpful as they offset pressure away from the ball of your foot.
Custom orthotics can lessen excessive pressure on the weight-bearing foot areas.
Toe taping can align the second toe and prevent crossover toe.
Complications
Unfortunately, if crossover toe is present, it usually means that the second toe will never revert to its natural position without intervention. If this is the case, you may need surgery from a foot and ankle surgeon.
February 6, 2023
Age is just a number, but age starts to catch up with us at a certain point. As much as we want aging to slow, getting older comes with its fair share of aches and pains.
Few people age the same; it is a complex process. Environment, genetics, exercise, and many other factors mould who we become as we enter our elderly years. This also applies our feet. As we age, our feet become more susceptible to various conditions such as arthritis, plantar fasciitis, bunions, foot injuries and chronic pain.
Our latest blog is all about common foot conditions in the elderly and how to treat them.
What happens to our feet as we age?
Did you know that when you turn 70, you'll be 25,550 days old? That helps put the body's remarkable ability to withstand constant wear and tear into perspective.
Beyond just a number, there are also physiological changes that occur as we age. Your feet may get bigger. Your feet may widen. Muscles, tendons, and ligaments also wear down, putting you at greater risk of certain foot conditions.
You may notice you experience foot pain and other problems more often. Any number of the following may happen:
Weakness
Frailty
Exhaustion
Gait alteration
Balance difficulties
Increased swaying while walking
Decreased walking
Walking speed
As we age, it's essential to check how you feel regularly. A bonus would be to have your feet checked regularly. Our team of expert foot specialists can help you manage acute and chronic conditions that affect the toes, feet, and ankles.
Most common foot conditions in the elderly
Foot conditions amongst the elderly may include bone injuries, toenail damage, foot deformities, and muscle and tendon damage. It's important to note that most of these conditions are not specific to the elderly, but age contributes to increased risk.
Below we break down the following common foot conditions in the elderly and how to treat them:
Bunions
Osteoarthritis
Fat Pad Atrophy
Thickened or Discoloured Toenails
Gout
Plantar Fasciitis
Stress Fractures
1. Bunions
What are bunions?
A bunion is a deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint ("MTP" joint for short). The first MTP is the joint of the big toe. (Essentially, the big toe's "knuckle.) Damage to this joint can cause bone misalignment over time. Eventually, the bone shifts and protrudes at the base of the big toe. Bunions affect approximately one quarter to one third of adults, and women experience the foot condition more often than men.
As we age, bunions worsen. Although there is no "cure" for a progressive foot deformity, you can lessen the effects and pain associated with bunions through several habitual changes.
How can I treat bunions?
You can choose either invasive treatment or non-invasive bunion treatment. In most cases, you can manage bunions with non-invasive treatments, though surgery is the only way to remove the bump altogether.
Footwear modification: Avoid tight shoes that squeeze the toes and ditch your high heels. You may also find that orthopedic shoes that stretch or come in wide widths effectively accommodate your bunion in your footwear. Shoe stretching is also an effective method for changing the structure of your current footwear.
Anti-inflammatories: Specific medication like NSAIDs or ibuprofen reduces joint inflammation and relieves pain.
Splints/aligners: Medical-grade bunion splints and bunion aligners help stabilize the joint. You can choose from medical-grade plastics or a toe sleeve based on your preferred rigidity.
Taping: A specialist tapes the joint to keep the big toe in place, prevent further misalignment, and manage pain and inflammation.
Supportive insoles or custom orthotics: Supporting your arches and correcting poor biomechanics can reduce pressure and strain on the first MTP joint.
Bunion exercises: Basic exercises to strengthen foot muscles can better support and stabilize the joint, thus decreasing pain over time.
The treatments you see above are all available at Feet First Clinic.
2. Osteoarthritis
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is not only the most common variant of arthritis; it is also one of the most common foot conditions in the elderly. Osteoarthritis is the "wear-and-tear" arthritis that causes degeneration of the cartilage in our joints. Reduced cartilage in our joints causes pain and can lead to other foot conditions like bone spurs. Your toes are most susceptible to osteoarthritis.
Age plays a significant role in developing osteoarthritis. Wear and tear of our joints accumulate over time. Also, post-menopausal women risk developing osteoarthritis through osteoporosis (low bone density).
How can I treat osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition, meaning what's done cannot reverse. The cartilage in your joints doesn't re-grow, so treatment aims to slow the effects of osteoarthritis and reduce pain. Effective treatment includes a combination of the following:
Active rehabilitation: Physiotherapy, massage, and exercise all help reduce the effects of osteoarthritis by promoting solid muscles. Stronger and more balanced muscles and feet reduce the strain on affected areas where you may have osteoarthritis.
Medication: Anti-inflammatories can help control inflammation.
Proper footwear: Specialized shoes can accommodate deformities of osteoarthritis (like bunions or hallux rigidus). The right shoes or boots can support your feet, provide balance, and offer cushion.
Custom orthotics: Orthotics can be customized to add or reduce your reliance on certain parts of your feet. Controlling the impact on affected joints can help prevent further joint damage by distributing the impact and weight elsewhere.
Limit awkward movements: If you find your joints are sore after a particular activity, consider reducing, modifying, or stopping the activity. For instance, if lunges hurt your foot, consider finding a replacement exercise.
Surgery: If the joint is damaged extensively, a doctor may recommend surgery. Surgery and removing part of a bony outgrowth can be effective if the sheer volume of bone buildup is the culprit.
If you experience osteoarthritis and are looking for orthotics, a gait analysis, or proper footwear, visit Feet First Clinic for solutions.
3. Fat pad atrophy
What is fat pad atrophy?
The heel fat pad is a cushion to absorb shock and distribute plantar force on impact. As we age, the heel fat pad gets atrophies and gets thinner. This can put you at a greater risk of heel injuries and other foot conditions. The increased pressure on the heel can cause you to overcompensate with other parts of your body, and weight distribution becomes unevenly distributed.
How can I treat fat pad atrophy?
You should reduce the pressure on your heel if you suffer from fat pad atrophy. Custom orthotics are effective as the personalized insoles provide padding and support and help distribute weight across the complex network of foot muscles. Be sure to also wear shoes with lots of padding and cushioning, like the ASICS Gel-Nimbus.
4. Thickened or Discoloured Toenails
What are thick or discoloured toenails?
Thick toenails and discoloured toenails are a byproduct of aging and are one of the most common foot conditions in the elderly.
As we get older, toenail growth declines. As such, nail cells begin to accumulate at a faster rate than nail growth. The accumulation of onychocytes (nail cells) causes thickened toenails. Alternatively, reduced circulation or acute trauma can cause thickened toenails.
Discoloured toenails, on the other hand, indicate damage to the nail or nail bed. Acute trauma to the nail causes discolouration, but so does reduced circulation. At an older age, we're at a greater risk of diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. Both diabetes and peripheral vascular disease cause reduced circulation in our feet and discoloured toenails.
How can I treat thick or discoloured toenails?
Toenail treatment for thickening and discolouration varies. To properly diagnose your feet and nails, book an appointment with a specialist at Feet First Clinic. Our nail care services involve proper trimming and filing of the toenails, addressing any pain or discomfort, and educating patients on proper hygiene and care.
For more information, visit our nail care and treatment page.
5. Gout
What is gout?
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis targeting the foot's joints. You may experience intermittent bouts of severe pain, including inflammation and hypersensitivity. During these episodes, any kind of activity becomes challenging, leaving you less mobile.
The prevalence of gout increases in older people. Elderly people are susceptible to gout for a few reasons: Renal function declines with age, there can be dietary changes, you may experience sudden weight gain, and certain medications for age-related conditions have indirect side effects that may lead to gout (i.e.: water pills, blood pressure medication).
How can I treat gout?
Before any treatment, the first step is to see a family doctor and a rheumatologist. Once diagnosed, you may be prescribed the following treatments, all of which aim to prevent future attacks, reduce pain, and improve quality of life:
Change your diet: Ditch food containing excessive purines. Avoid foods like red meat, certain types of seafood like sardines and mussels, alcohol, high fructose beverages, and yeast. Diet also impacts your weight. Maintaining a healthy and consistent diet can help reduce sudden weight gain and keep inflammation at bay.
NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce joint inflammation. Alternatively, corticosteroids are an option if one doesn't react to NSAIDs.
Stay or become active: Light-strengthening exercises, relaxing physical activity, and physiotherapy can improve quality of life and mobility in people with gout. Keeping your muscles strong also makes them less susceptible to inflammation build-up, which can trigger gout attacks.
Supportive footwear: Proper footwear can help you deal with any pain associated with gout as it reduces the impact on the joints.
6. Plantar fasciitis
What is plantar fasciitis?
Plantar fasciitis is a condition of the heel. The band of tissue on the underside of the foot gets inflamed and causes pain. Often, plantar fasciitis develops gradually over time. Changes in our body as we age can make this condition more common in the elderly.
How can I treat plantar fasciitis?
With proper care and treatment, most cases of plantar fasciitis heal with time. A foot specialist can guide you through the healing process and provide options for preventing it from recurring in the future.
There are several treatment methods available for plantar fasciitis.
Rest: Take a break, and let your heel recover by staying off your feet.
Supportive footwear: Wearing supportive footwear with strong arch support and a good heel counter is essential for managing and even preventing plantar fasciitis. Stability shoes are particularly helpful. Check out this article for our top recommended shoes for plantar fasciitis.
Rolling: Gently massage your heel using a tennis ball or frozen water bottle under the foot. Rolling helps massage and relieve the plantar fascia and encourages faster recovery.
Add stretching and strengthening exercises to your routine.
Shockwave therapy: Shockwave therapy delivers sound wave pulses to the injured fascia. This triggers your body's the healing process, making for a natural recovery. Shockwave therapy is extremely effective for cases of plantar fasciitis persisting more than 6 months.
Taping: Taping the heel engages other muscles and tendons of the foot, reducing the load on the plantar fascia.
Wear a splint: A splint helps keep your foot stable while you sleep.
Supportive Insoles or Custom Orthotics: A good supportive insole, like Superfeet Green, is tried, tested and true for helping with plantar fasciitis. If that doesn't work, or if there are biomechanical factors contributing to your plantar fasciitis, you can look into custom orthotics.
7. Stress fractures
What are stress fractures?
Stress fractures are micro-breaks of bones are another common foot condition in the elderly. When we age, bone growth slows, losing more bone than we generate. Our bone density also reduces. If your bone density drops too much, you develop osteoporosis. Weaker bones put the elderly at greater risk of stress fractures, whether acute, like when you fall or by too much repetition, like walking.
How can I treat a stress fracture?
The RICE method is critical to treating a stress fracture. Rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Untreated stress fractures can lead to bone shift, permanently altering the foot's biomechanics.
December 8, 2022
Have you ever felt a prickling, tingling, or pins and needles sensation in your feet? You may be experiencing numbness in your toes. At times, it may even feel like your foot has fallen asleep, which occurs after keeping your foot in the same position for an extended duration.
What's happening in your foot and toes when they go numb? The underlying sensation is likely a result of peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy is a catch-all term for more than 100 types of peripheral neuropathy. It refers to damage to the nervous system, which hinders the network of nerves that relays information to your brain.
There are various reasons why you experience numbness in your feet or your toes. Possible causes may include poor blood circulation or a byproduct of diabetes. The sensation may be numb; in other cases, you may not feel anything since your feet or toes lack feeling.
In this article, we outline five potential causes for why your feet or toes may go numb.
Frostbite/Frostnip
It's no secret that Canada experiences cold winters. Low temperatures and high humidity can make keeping your feet warm and dry difficult. That's why frostnip, and its successor, frostbite, are possible during Canada's winter months.
There are various degrees of skin and tissue damage due to cold. They are:
Frostnip is a mild cold exposure injury that doesn't cause permanent skin damage. A slight numbing sensation may occur during the frostnip stage and minor (but temporary) nerve damage. Frostnip should subside naturally by escaping the cold and returning to warmer temperatures.
Superficial frostbite is the second stage of cold damage to your toes. Your skin may feel warm, and you likely experience a more intense numbing or tingling sensation.
Deep frostbite is the third stage and most severe form of cold damage. You may experience total numbness and loss of sensation in your toes. The toe muscles and joints may no longer work, and you're at risk of permanently damaging the skin and nerves in your toes. Blisters form 24-48 hours after exposure. Afterwards, the area may turn black and harden as the tissue dies.
It's critical to recognize signs early. If you're outside for extended periods and feel your feet and toes are cold, it's time to head inside. Once you reach the numbing and tingling sensation, the damage begins to occur and will only worsen if not addressed. With minor forms of frostnip, the feeling will return to your feet and toes with no long-term effects. With frostbite, you risk permanent and irreversible damage.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a severe condition characterized by high blood sugar levels that can lead to blood flow and nerve issues. 3.4 million Canadians, or roughly 8.1% of the population, live with diabetes as of 2017–2018.
Regarding the foot, diabetes can complicate the nerves and blood vessels in two ways:
Diabetic neuropathy, a common long-term complication of Type-2 diabetes, causes nerve damage, leading to loss of sensation in the legs, feet and toes. A lack or loss of feeling in your feet and toes is dangerous as it can mask injuries, cuts, or other conditions.
In peripheral vascular disease, sugar accumulates in the bloodstream and can cause poor blood circulation. Blood vessels can narrow, block, and spasm due to PVD.
The best action for diabetes is to monitor your symptoms consistently. Further, a foot specialist can check for adequate circulation, signs of neuropathy, and risk for foot ulcers.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Both rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis can cause numbing and tingling in your feet and toes. RA, an autoimmune disease where your immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in your body, can affect the nerves in your feet through inflammation and swelling.
Similarly, rheumatoid vasculitis targets the blood vessels in the feet, inhibiting their ability to transport blood. Reduced circulation can cause your feet and toes to be numb, creating a tingling sensation. Typically, one develops rheumatoid vasculitis after having RA for some time.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome is an ankle nerve condition that has downstream effects on the feet and toes. Analogous to carpal tunnel syndrome in our hands, tarsal tunnel syndrome occurs when a nerve becomes compressed—specifically, the posterior tibial nerve inside the ankle.
The tarsal tunnel itself is a narrow space next to the ankle bones. It's covered with thick ligaments and contains veins, arteries, tendons, and nerves (including the tibial nerve). When the tunnel becomes compressed, so does everything inside. Compression reduces blood circulation and puts pressure on the nerves that connect your feet and toes with the rest of your body.
The exact cause of tarsal tunnel syndrome can be tricky. In many cases, it's a variety of factors, including:
Flat feet
Bone spurs and cysts in the ankle
Varicose veins
Inflammation
Osteoarthritis
Tight shoes
Acute ankle injuries
Tarsal tunnel syndrome symptoms include sharp, shooting pain, pins and needles, or a burning sensation on the inside of your foot, close to where your foot meets your ankle. The numbness may radiate to the toes as well.
Morton's neuroma
You may suffer from Morton's neuroma if you've ever felt a sensation akin to having a pebble stuck in your shoe. This type of neuroma targets the base of the third and fourth toes. When the muscles and tendons become inflamed, the nerve becomes increasingly compressed, inhibiting its function.
You may develop Morton's neuroma with poor biomechanics - namely, overpronation (when your foot rolls too far inwards when walking or running). Biomechanical abnormalities unevenly distribute weight in your feet, adding too much (and too little stress) to certain parts of the foot. Over time, overpronation adds stress to the ball of the foot, causing it to thicken and become inflamed. As such, the foot's nerves can become compressed.
High heels (which promote poor biomechanics) are also a common contributing factor to Morton's neuroma.
The best course of action to treat Morton's neuroma is for a foot specialist to fit you with proper footwear or custom foot orthotics. Fixing your footwear and correcting your biomechanics will help distribute weight and stress in your feet more evenly.
Other causes of numb feet or toes
You may experience numb feet or toes for reasons other than those outlined above. For instance, your feet may fall asleep when you are asleep, and as a result, your feet may feel numb upon waking up. Being sedentary and keeping your feet and toes in the same position for extended periods may also create a numbing or tingling sensation.
Other, more uncommon causes may include:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a group of conditions that can cause nerve damage. It's genetic, and the mutations in the genes affect the nerves in your feet and the protective coating of your nerves, which can inhibit signals between your feet and brain.
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare disorder where your immune system attacks your body's nerves. You may experience weakness, tingling, and numbness when it affects your feet.
Vasculitis describes inflammation of blood vessels. Most types of vasculitis are rare. Vasculitis can cause a numb sensation in the feet due to a thickening blood vessel wall. As such, the thickening of the vessels can restrict blood flow to the limbs.
When in doubt, if you ever feel numb or have a tingling sensation in your feet for abnormal or irregular reasons, contact a professional for a proper diagnosis.
December 5, 2022
Walking is one of the best forms of exercise. Walking is low-impact; it doesn't require fancy or expensive equipment, helps improve blood flow, and can lower blood pressure, amongst other benefits. Fundamentally, walking is how we get around.
Because we rely on this form of movement, we must keep our feet healthy to ensure walking is pain-free. However, the feet are complex, and some foot conditions may make walking painful or uncomfortable. The foot contains more than 25 bones. More broadly, the foot splits into three sections: the toes, the midfoot, and the heel and low ankle. The foot's various bones and muscles need to work in unison. If not, biomechanical abnormalities can cause multiple foot conditions.
This article explores five main reasons why your feet hurt when walking.
Common foot conditions
Plantar fasciitis
If you experience pain in the heel of your foot, it could be plantar fasciitis. The plantar fascia is a band of tissue (called the fascia) that runs along the bottom of the foot. The fascia connects the heel of the foot to your toes. Pain when walking would be felt within the bottom of the foot, specifically the underside of your heel.
Since most people heel strike (I.e., the first body part to touch the ground), much of the impact of walking or running is in the plantar. The band can tear, swell, and inflame when the plantar fascia becomes overloaded or damaged.
Plantar fasciitis develops over time rather than being an acute injury. If recognized early, treatment can be as simple as rest and icing. Early signs and symptoms include a dull pain in the heel of the foot and bottom of the foot pain first thing in the morning.
Metatarsalgia
Pain in the ball of your foot may be metatarsalgia. The ball of your foot lies between your arch and toes. Metatarsalgia is a condition where the ball of the foot becomes inflamed. It is usually a result of overuse or faulty foot mechanics. Inflammation of the bones and soft tissue follows.
Flat feet
You may experience pain in the arch of your foot when walking. A common cause of pain when walking is flat feet. Flat feet are not necessarily a condition but rather a biomechanical abnormality which may cause imbalances in the bones and muscles of your feet. Uneven distribution of weight when walking can put added stress on specific parts of the foot.
A low or collapsed arch characterizes flat feet. Flat foot disrupts the foot's biomechanics by impeding the arch's ability to properly support our body weight and absorb the force of our movement. The load is then displaced onto the toes, ankles, knees, hips and lower back. As a result, pain can develop in these areas and the feet.
Morton's Neuroma
You may suffer from Morton's neuroma if you experience pain in the base of your toes. Morton's neuroma is a foot condition that targets the balls of your feet - most often in the area between your third and fourth toes. The foot condition arises when the toe's tissues thicken and swell, eventually leading to inflammation, pain, and a tingling/numbing sensation. A familiar anecdote for Morton's neuroma is akin to having a pebble in your shoe.
You may experience pain from Morton's neuroma during walking because of your gait. When walking, you typically land on your heel and take off with your toes and forefoot. Thus, if the pain you experience is more on the "up" than the "down" of how you walk, the underlying condition could be Morton's neuroma.
Arthritis
You may experience pain anywhere in your foot as a result of arthritis. Arthritis is a broad term that describes a disease known for inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body's joints. We can break arthritis more broadly into several specific foot conditions. Types of arthritis that may impact your ability to walk and cause pain include:
Hallux rigidus: Hallux rigidus is arthritis of the big toe. When one suffers from hallux rigidus, the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) stiffens. Over time, arthritis can lead to a bone spur.
Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Consistent wear and tear over time cause the cartilage between the joints in your body to break down.
Rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disease that causes chronic joint inflammation. It commonly targets the small joints in the feet by attacking the tissue and causing inflammation and calcification. The result is stiff joints, chronic pain, and joint dysfunction.
Foot pain treatment
RICE
RICE stands for rest, ice, compression, and elevation. This essential combination of treatments is highly effective against several chronic foot conditions. RICE allows for proper rest and promotes recovery by reducing inflammation and promoting blood flow.
Orthotics
Custom orthotics are custom-built corrective shoe inserts designed to support the unique structures of our feet. Orthotics act to correct or accommodate biomechanical abnormalities, foot deformities, and a variety of joint and muscle conditions. Orthotics intend to improve your gait, manage pain, and better disperse your body's weight when walking and running.
Proper footwear
The correct footwear is critical for healthy feet. For instance, proper footwear can provide structure, balance, support, and protection when walking. Ill-fitting shoes are the leading cause of foot pain and problems: according to a study published in the Journal of Foot and Ankle Research in 2018, "Between 63 and 72% of participants were wearing shoes that did not accommodate either width or length dimensions of their feet". A study done amongst older adults in 2020 also found that 90% we wearing shoes with worn-out soles.
Visit us at Feet First Clinic for a shoe fitting session and we can help you find footwear perfect for you.
Visit our chiropodists
Our dedicated licensed chiropodists are committed to providing quality care and services for all your foot and ankle needs. Chiropodists can diagnose, treat and help manage various foot conditions, from callus removal to ingrown toenails to bunions.
November 28, 2022
Bottom of the foot pain can target anyone, and sometimes you must find ways to manage it on your own. There are countless scenarios where you may not be able to see your chiropodist right away. Maybe you're out of town, or your foot specialist is busy tending to other patients and won't have an appointment available until next week (after all, they're that good!).
Effective bottom of the foot pain treatment requires following the "homework" your foot specialist assigns you until you get to follow up with them. It's their job to give you the tools to find some pain relief when you're on your own, and it's your job to follow their instruction.
Luckily, we've devised a list of tips you can follow at home to ease your foot pain!
What Causes Bottom of the Foot Pain?
First, let's help you understand your discomfort a little more. You may be wondering why your foot pain is localized and not more spread out. You may be feeling:
Heel pain on the bottom of the foot
Sharp pain on the bottom of the foot
Shooting pain on the bottom of the foot
This type of foot pain is generally caused by the following:
Overuse and exercise-related muscle strain.
A foot condition like Morton's neuroma (sharp, shooting pain near the toes) or plantar fasciitis (sharp pain between the arch and heel, often worse in the mornings).
Wearing ill-fitting footwear for lengthy periods.
Having flat feet (pain arises from a lack of arch and your foot pressing flat on the floor).
How Can I Treat Bottom of the Foot Pain From Home?
Here are some helpful tips you should follow in your quest for pain relief:
Use a therapeutic massage ball
Practice foot care
Rest your feet and try over-the-counter painkillers
Perform foot stretches and exercises
Wear supportive footwear indoors
Use a Therapeutic Massage Ball
Massage balls are affordable lifesavers for those who struggle with bottom of the foot pain. They only cost around $11, and since you can use them daily it's a great bargain! The main purpose of a therapeutic massage ball is to help you perform self-myofascial release, which is a fancy term for using a self-massage technique to loosen tight muscles.
These little wonders can also enhance the capability and performance of your foot muscles. They loosen those bothersome, tight muscles and prep them to prevent sudden injuries. Furthermore, rolling the ball along the bottom of your feet targets specific trigger points that cause plantar fasciitis pain.
Practice Foot Care
Treating your foot pain doesn't have to be boring. Sometimes it can include an activity you enjoy on a regular day, like a hot foot soak with revitalizing bath salts. Specifically, hot water and foot bath products work together to relieve sore muscles and boost nerve and muscle function!
You can also massage your own homemade foot scrubs into your feet, paying attention to the bottom, to boost blood circulation and practice self-myofascial release. As a bonus, luxurious foot baths and other foot care routines are great for your skin health!
Rest Your Feet and Try Over-the-Counter Pain Killers
Is your pain currently unbearable? Try this tip before the others!
There isn't much you can do for acute pain initially but rest and seek immediate relief. As the pain becomes more manageable, you will be able to make use of other ways to treat it. But you might want to start with simple R&R and a trip to the pharmacy for ibuprofen or acetaminophen.
Make sure to elevate your feet while resting, and apply ice if needed!
Perform Foot Exercises and Stretches
Exercising and stretching your feet may seem daunting when you're hurting, but there are countless collections you can master to help ease the pain.
Some great choices for the bottom of the foot include ball rolls (with your trusty massage ball) and the towel stretch. But those are just the tip of the iceberg! To learn more about foot stretches and exercises, check out our Pinterest Board!
Wear Supportive Footwear Indoors
This is a great way to keep your foot pain from getting worse.
Walking around barefoot all day isn't as harmless as you think, even indoors. For example, neglecting proper foot supports can put extra strain on the plantar fascia if you have plantar fasciitis. In other words, impact absorption, cushioning, and arch support are just as necessary inside the house.
This doesn't mean you have to wear your running shoes inside (although there's no harm in that!). It does mean you can invest in ultra-cozy orthopaedic slippers with moulded footbeds and deep heel cups for arch support. Many slippers also come with removable footbeds, which can host your custom orthotics or Superfeet insoles. After all, sometimes foot pain means wearing your medical devices at home.
